From Thomas Thomson:
Travels in Sweden during the autumn of 1812, London 1813.
"The principal merchants in
Gothenburg are Scotsmen. In consequence of letters of introduction which
we carried to several of them, we experienced from that liberal and
respectable body a profusion of kindness and politeness which it was
impossible to surpass, and which it would be very difficult to equal. The
want of inns, and our ignorance of the Swedish language, would have made
it very difficult for us to have procured dinner while we stayed at
Gothenburg, but this difficulty was obvaited by the merchants, with one or
other of whom we dined every day during our stay in that city. The
entertainments which they gave were in the Swedish style, and possessed a
degree of splendour at which I was not a little surprised. As the mode of
dining in Sweden is very different from the mode followed in Great
Britain, I shall give a general description of a dinner, that my readers
may form some notion to themselves of the customs of that country.
The houses in Sweden are
fitted up with great magnificence. The public rooms are usually on the
first floor, and vary from three to seven or more according to the size of
the house and the wealth of its master. These rooms always open into each
other, and constitute a very elegant suite of apartments. The furniture
though very handsome is not similar to ours. You seldom see mahogany
chairs; they are usually of birch or of some other wood painted. As the
table cloth is never removed they have no occasion for our fine mahogany
tables, and as the dishes are brought in one by one, and the dessert and
wine put upon the table before the company sit down, they have but little
occasion for a side-board. Accordingly, except in the house of Mr. Lorent,
who had a very splendid side-board made in London, I do not recollect to
have seen one in Sweden, even in the houses of men of the first rank. The
rooms are not provided with bells. This I am told is owing to the extreme
cheapness of servants in Sweden, which enabled every person to keep such a
number as rendered bells unnecessary. This reason, which I do not consider
as a very good one, exists not at present, for since the loss of Finland
the wages of servants have considerably increased. Bells, therefore, might
now be introduced with the greatest propriety; and to a foreigner, from
Britain at least, they would constitute a great convenience. I have
sometimes been obliged to go three times to the kitchen during the course
of my breakfast, to ask for things that had been neglected or forgotten by
the servants.
The Swedes are fond of
great parties. I have more than once sat down to table with nearly 50
people in a private house. The hour of dinner is two o’clock. After
the company are assembled they are shown into a room adjoining the
dining-room. In the middle of this room there is a round table covered
with a table-cloth, upon which are placed bread, cheese, butter and
corn-brandy. Every person eats a morsel of bread and cheese and butter,
and drinks a dram of brandy, by way of exciting the appetite for dinner.
There are usually two kinds of bread; namely, wheat-bread baked into a
kind of small rolls, for I never saw any loaves in Sweden: and rye, which
is usually baked in thin cakes, and is known in Sweden by the name of
nickebroed. It is very palatable but requires good teeth to chew it.
After this whet, the
company are shown into the dining-room, and take their seats round the
table. The first dish brought in is salmagundy, salt fish, a mixture of
salmon and rice, sausages, or some such strong seasoned article, to give
an additional whet to the appetite. It is handed round the table, and
every person helps himself in succession to as much of it as he chooses.
The next dish is commonly roasted or stewed mutton, with bacon ham. These
articles are carved by some individual at table, most commonly the master
of the house, and the carved pieces being heaped upon a plate are carried
round the company like the first dish. The Swedes like the French eat of
every thing that is presented at table. The third dish is usually soup,
then fowls, then fish (generally salmon, pike or streamlings), then
pudding, then the dessert, which consists of a great profusion of
sweet-meats, in the preparation of which the inhabitants of Gottenburg
excel. Each of these dishes handed about in succession. The vegetables,
consisting of potatoes, carrots, turnips, cauliflowers, greens, &c. are
handed about in the same way. During the whole time of dinner a great deal
of wine is drunk by the company. The wines are claret, port, sherry, and
madeira. What they call claret at Gottenburg does not seem to be Bourdeaux
wine. It is a French wine with a taste intermediate between claret and
port. At Stockholm I drank occasionally true claret; but scarcely in any
other part of Sweden. As all the wine used in Sweden is imported from
Great Britain, our wine merchants can probably explain this circumstance
though I cannot.
The Swedes employ the same
articles for seasoning their food as we do, salt, peppar, mustard,
vinegar, &c. I was struck with one peculiarity which I had never seen
before: they always mix together mustard and sugar: I had the curiosity to
try this mixture, and found it not bad. The dinner usually lasts about two
hours. On a signal given the company all rise together, bow with much
solemnity towards the table, or rather towards each other, and then
adjourn into the drawing-room. Here a cup of coffee is served up
immediately to every individual. It is but doing the Swedes justice to say
that their coffee is excellent, greatly preferable to what is usually
drunk in England. This is the more remarkable because the Swedes import
all their coffee from Britain: its quality therefore is not different from
that of our own, and its superiority owing solely to their understanding
better how to make it. You can get coffee in the meanest peasant’s house,
and it is always excellent. It is usually about five o’clock when coffee
is over. The company separate at this time, either going home to their own
houses, or sauntering about in the fields if the weather be good. |