In his introduction to Minstrelsy of the Scottish
Border, Sir Walter Scott says Home of Wedderburn cruelly butchered and
cut off the head of De la Bastie, who had been appointed Warden of the
East Marches by Albany, Regent in the minority of James V, and, in
savage triumph, Wedderburn knitted the head to his saddle-bow by the
long flowing hair. The Earl of Arran head of the house of Hamilton, was
appointed to succeed De la Bastie as Warden . "But the Douglases,
the Homes, and the Kerrs, proved too strong for him upon the Border. He
was routed by those clans at Kelso, and afterwards in a sharp skirmish,
fought betwixt his faction and that of Angus, Earl of Douglas, in the
High Street of the metropolis.
The return of the regent was followed by the banishment of Angus, and
by a desultory warfare with England, carried on with mutual incursions.
Two gallant armies, levied by Albany, were dismissed without any exploit
worthy notice, while Surrey, at the head of ten thousand cavalry, burnt
Jedburgh, and laid waste all Tiviotdale. This general pays a splendid
tribute to the gallantry of the Border chiefs. He terms them, "The
boldest men and the hottest, that ever I saw in any nation."
Disgraced and detested, Albany bade adieu to Scotland for ever. The
queen-mother and the Earl of Arran for some time swayed the kingdom. But
their power was despised on the Borders, where Angus, though banished,
had many friends. Scott of Buccleuch even appropriated to himself
domains belonging to the queen, worth 400 merks yearly; being probably
the castle of Newark, and her jointure lands in Ettrick forest. This
chief, with Kerr of Cessford, was committed to ward, from which they
escaped, to join the exiled Angus. Leagued with these, and other Border
chiefs, Angus effected his return to Scotland, where he shortly after
acquired possession of the supreme power, and of the person of the
youthful king. ‘The ancient power of the Douglasses’ says the
accurate historian whom I have so often referred to, ‘seemed to have
revived; and, after a slumber of near a century, again to threaten
destruction to the Scottish monarchy.’ – Pinkerton, vol. Ii p.277
In fact, the time now returned, when no one durst strive with a
Douglas, or with his follower. For, although Angus used the outward
pageant of conducting the King around the country, for punishing thieves
and traitors, ‘yet,’ says Piscottie, ‘none were found greater than
were in his own company.’ The high spirit of the young King was galled
by the ignominious restraint under which he found himself; and, in a
progress to the Border, for repressing the Armstrongs, he probably gave
such signs of dissatisfaction, as excited the Laird of Buccleuch to
attempt his rescue.
This powerful baron was the chief of a hardy clan, inhabiting Ettrick
Forest, Eskdale, Ewsdale, the higher part of Tiviotdale, and a portion
of Liddesdale. In this warlike district he easily levied a thousand
horse, comprehending a large body of Elliots, Armstrongs, and other
broken clans, over whom the Laird of Buccleuch exercised an extensive
authority being termed, by Lord Dacre, ‘chief maintainer of all
misguided men on the Borders of Scotland.’ – Letter to Wolsey, July
18, 1528. The Earl of Angus, with his reluctant ward, had slept at
Melrose, and the clans of Home and Kerr, under the Lord Home, and the
Barons of Cessford and Fairnihirst, had taken their leave of the King,
when in the gray of the morning, Buccleuch and his band of cavalry were
discovered hanging, like a thunder-cloud, upon the neighbouring hill of
Haliden. A herald was sent to demand his purpose, and to charge him to
retire. To the first point he answered, that he came to show his clan to
the King, according to the custom of the Borders; to the second, that he
knew the King’s mind better than Angus. When this haughty answer was
reported to the Earl, ‘Sir,’ said he to the King, ‘yonder is
Buccleuch, with the thieves of Annandale and Liddesdale, to bar your
grace’s passage. I vow to God they shall either fight or flee. Your
grace shall tarry on this hillock with my brother George; and I will
either clear your road of yonder banditti, or die in the attempt.’ The
Earl, with these words, alighted, and hastened to the charge; while the
Earl of Lennox ( at whose instigation Buccleuch made the attempt)
remained with the King, an inactive spectator. Buccleuch and his
followers likewise dismounted and received the assailants with a
dreadful shout, and a shower of lances. The encounter was fierce and
obstinate but the Homes and Kerrs, returning at the noise of the battle,
bore down and dispersed the left wing of Buccleuch’s little army. The
hired banditti fled on all sides; but the chief himself, surrounded by
his clan, fought desperately in the retreat. The Laird of Cessford,
chief of the Roxburgh Kerrs, pursued the chase fiercely; till, at the
bottom of a steep path, Elliot of Stobs, a follower of Buccleuch,
turned, and slew him with a stroke of his lance. When Cessford fell, the
pursuit ceased. But his death, with those of Buccleuch’s friends, who
fell in the action, to the number of eighty, occasioned a deadly feud
betwixt the names of Scott and Kerr, which cost much blood upon the
Marches."
The following indenture was designed to reconcile their quarrel. But the
alliance, if it ever took effect, was not of long duration; for the feud
again broke out about 1553, when Sir Walter Scott
(of that era) was slain by the Kers in the streets of Edinburgh.
"Thir indentures, made at Ancrum the 16th of March,
1529 years, contains, purports, and bears leil and suithfast witnessing.
That it is appointed and agreed, and finally accorded, betwixt
honourable men, that is to say, Walter Ker of Cessford, Andrew Ker of
Fairnieherst, Mark Ker of Dophinston, George Ker tutor of Cessford,
Andrew Ker of Primesideloch, for themselves, kin, friends, mentenants,
assisters, allies, adherents, and partakers, on the one part; and Walter
Scot of Branxholm, knight, Robert Scot of Allanhaugh, Robert Scot tutor
of Howpaisly, John Scot of Roberton, and Walter Scot of Stirkshawe, for
themselves, their kin, friends, mentenants, servants, assisters, and
adherents, on the other part; in manner, form, and effect, as after
follows: For staunching all discord and variance betwixt them, and for
furtherbearing of the king’s authority, and punishing trespassers, and
for amending all slaughters, heritages, and steedings, and all other
pleas concerning thereto, either of these parties to others, and for
unitie, friendship, and concord, to be had in time coming, ‘twixt
them, of our sovereign lord’s special command: that is to say, either
of the said parties, be the tenor hereof, remits and forgives to others
the rancour, hatred and malice of their hearts: and the said Walter Scot
of Branxholm shall gang, or cause gang, at the will of the party, to the
four head pilgrimages of Scotland* and shall say a mass for the souls of
umquhile Andrew Ker of Cessford, and them that were slain in his
company, in the field of Melrose; and, upon his expense shall cause a
chaplain say a mass daily, when he is disposed, in what place the said
Walter Ker and his friends next to come. – Mark Ker of Dolphinstone,
Andrew Ker of Graden, shall gang at the will of the party to the four
head pilgrimages of Scotland, and shall gar say a mass for the souls of
umquihile James Scot of Eskirk, and other Scots, their friends, slain in
the field of Melrose; and, upon their expense, shall gar a chaplain say
a mass daily, when he is disposed for the heal of their souls, where the
said Walter Scot and his friends pleases, for the space of three years
next to come; and the said Walter Scot of Branxholm shall marry his son
and heir upon one of the said Walter Ker his sisters; he paying
therefore a competent portion to the said Walter Ker and his heir, at
the sight of the friends of baith parties. And also, baith the saids
parties bind and oblige them, be the faith and truth of their bodies,
that they abide at the decreet and deliverance of the six men chosen
arbiters, anent all other matters, quarrels, actiones and debates, whilk
either of them likes to propone against others betwixt the saids
parties; and also the six arbiters are bound and obliged to decreet and
deliver, and give forth their deliverance thereuntil, within the year
and day of the date hereof. – And, attour, either of the saids parties
bind and oblige them, by the faith and truth of their bodies, ilk ane to
others, that they shall be leil and true to others, and neither of them
will another’s skaith, but they shall lett it at their power, and give
to others their best counsel, and it be asked; and shall take leil and
aeffald part ilk ane with others, with their kin, friends, servants,
allies, and partakers, in all and sundry their actions, quarrels, and
debates, against all that live and die (may the allegiance of our
sovereign lord and king allenarly be excepted.) And for the obliging and
keeping all thir premises above written, baith the saids parties are
bound and obliged, ilk ane to others, be the faith and truth of their
bodies, but fraud or guile, under the pain of perjury, men-swearing,
defalication, and breaking of the bond of deadly. And, in witness of the
whilk, ilk ane to the procuratory of this indenture remain with the said
Walter Scot and his friends, the said Walter Ker of Cessford has affixed
his proper seal, with his subscription manual, and with the subscription
of the said Andrew Ker of Fairnieherst, Mark Ker of Dolphinston, George
Ker tutor of Cessford, and Andrew Ker of Primesidelock, before these
witnesses, Mr. Andrew Drurie, Abbot of Melrose, and George Douglas of
Boonjedward, John Riddel of that ilk, and William Stewart.
Sic Subscribitur,
WALTER KER of Cessford
ANDREW KER of Fairnieherst
MARK KER
GEORGE KER
ANDREW KER of Primesideloch
* These pilgrimages were Scone, Dundee, Paisley, and Melrose. |