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Papers Relating to the Scots in Poland (1576 - 1798)
Royal Grants and Privileges to the Scots Merchants (2)


VIII.

Copy of the Approbation by King John the Third at Cracow on 20th February 1676, of the confirmations of the privileges and rights belonging to the Eight Scots Merchants attached to the Court.

Done at Cracow on the Tuesday following the Third Sunday after Easter (Dominica Jubilate), 28th April

A.D. 1676, at the request of the Most Illustrious Lord High Chancellor.

JOHN THE THIRD, King of Poland, etc.

We make known, etc., That compearing in person before the present Session of the Greater Chancery of our Realm the Well-famed Andrew Tamson, merchant of Warsaw, presented for engrossment in their Acts the following Letters on parchment, signed by our Royal hand, and fortified with the Greater Seal of our Realm impressed on red wax in an iron box appended thereto, containing the confirmation granted by us of all the rights and privileges graciously conferred upon the Eight Merchants of Scottish nationality attached to the Court by our Most Serene Predecessors the late Kings of Poland, sound, safe, intact, and free from all mark of suspicion, craving that the same be entered in these Acts. Of these Letters the terms are as follows:—

JOHN THE THIRD, by the Grace of God King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania, Russia, Prussia, Mazovia, Samogitia, Livonia, Kieff, Volhynia, Podolia, Podlachia, Smolensk, Severia, and Czernihoff. We make known by these our Letters to all and sundry whom it may concern that there have been exhibited to us by certain of our Counsellors Letters on parchment containing the confirmation of the rights and privileges possessed by the Eight Merchants of Scottish nationality attached to the court, signed by the hand of Michael our Most Serene Predecessor of divine memory, and fortified with the Seal of the Greater Chancery of the Realm appended thereto, sound, safe, intact, and free from all mark of suspicion. Of these Letters the terms are to this effect:--

MICHAEL, by the Grace of God King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania, Russia, Prussia, Mazovia, Samogitia, Kieff, Volhynia, Podolia, Podlachia, Livonia, Smolensk, Severia, and Czernihoff. We make known by these our Letters to all and sundry whom it may concern, That although at the time of our most august Coronation we affirmed that we would conserve and keep valid and secure the rights and privileges, public and private, of all orders in our Realm and of each individual subject to our power, by whatever predecessor of ours granted and proclaimed, and on that account it would appear that such should possess their due weight; nevertheless, graciously acceding to the prayer of certain of our Counsellors made to us on behalf of the Well-famed Eight Scots Merchants attached to the Court of His Serene Majesty the King, (with regard to) all their rights, privileges, decrees, licences, and immunities rightfully and lawfully granted and secured by our Most Serene Predecessors the Kings of Poland, which they have used hitherto and do now use, especially

  1. Those granted and proclaimed by His Serene Majesty King Stephen, containing for the foresaid Eight Scots Merchants, as reward for their having followed the Royal Camp with their wares against the country’s enemy the Duke of Muscovy, and supplied necessaries to the Court and Army of the King, free faculty and power to follow the King’s Court, and therewith in all cities, towns, villages and places, without hindrance from any persons, to display, sell, and retail such of their goods and wares as they may please, and to set and erect their shops in the place assigned by the Marshals of the Realm or our Court, or any other person performing his duties in our Household;

  2. Those granted and accorded by His Serene Majesty Sigismund the Third of divine memory, dated Warsaw, at the General Council of the Realm, 26th March A.D. 1613, likewise containing free licence to trade in the realm of Poland and the dominions attached thereto, to follow where they please the Royal Court and Camp, to display for sale their wonted wares on market-days as also at any time they please, and to erect shops in the public market-places, which was granted to the said Eight Scots since in the Muscovite campaign they had rendered His Serene Majesty the King prompt and constant service, especially by advancing their goods for the Royal Soldiery;

  3. Those confirmed by His Serene Majesty Vladislas the Fourth of divine memory, dated Warsaw, 20th July A.D. 1645, issued by the Greater Chancery of the Realm, who in consideration of the very great need for these same Merchants attached to the Court, especially those of Scottish nationality, had granted a certain privilege concerning liberty to trade with the Royal Court to the said Eight Scots Merchants, whose industry and diligence in supplying the Royal Court with necessaries were well known to him, as were also their remarkable loyalty and the services rendered in the field by certain of them in the Muscovite and many other hostile campaigns;

  4. Also those of His Serene Majesty John Casimir, our immediate and most beloved predecessor, who seeing a similar need for these same Merchants, granted them at the General Convention for his Happy Coronation; and by his special Letters dated Cracow, 3rd February A.D. 1649, appointed to his Court Eight Scots Merchants distinguished by the same excellences and endowments, granting them full and general faculty to conduct their business freely in the Kingdom of Poland, to follow everywhere the Royal Court, to set up and erect shops in the market-place of the city of Old Warsaw, in the accustomed place, and also in the city of Cracow and in other cities of the Realm and the Dominions attached thereto, in the Royal presence, to display for sale and to retail wares and goods which supply the needs of man, whatever their class and kind, whoever the workmen who produce them, whether in our Realm and Dominions or elsewhere among foreign nations, to provide for consumption wine and liquors of every sort, and profitably to enjoy each and all of the other liberties and prerogatives which affect Royal Servitors as concerning law and custom, until the end of their several lives; furthermore, wishing to give fuller evidence of his favour to the foresaid Merchants of Scottish nationality, he gave and presented to them of his clemency and Royal authority faculty and power, with regard to all their property moveable and immoveable and all sums of money, to leave, settle, present, bequeath, and dispose the same in writing and by other lawful means; and he made and secured their estate, fortune and possessions, by whatever name they can be rated or designated, whenever it befalls that any of them meet his fated end, free and immune from the claims and exigencies of the Exchequer, declaring null and void any payment obtained or to be obtained in contravention hereof;

  5. Lastly, the Letters of the Decree of His Serene Majesty above named, published in authentic form from the Records of the Decrees of the Chancery of His Majesty’s Realm, dated Warsaw, on the Friday [1st August] after the Feast of St. James the Apostle A.D. 1659, by which Letters, although the Merchants of Scottish nationality, being in religion Dissidents, have no fixed domicile in the city of Warsaw, but have only been granted a faculty to retail their wares at Warsaw to suit the Royal convenience by means of the privileges obtained from His Serene Majesty Vladislas the Fourth, as also those graciously accorded and confirmed by His Serene Majesty John Casimir aforementioned; on that account, always safeguarding the above rights of the Royal City of Old Warsaw and also of the Duchy of Mazovia, the privileges of those concerned, namely the Merchants of Scottish nationality, were not taken from them, [Text corrupt.] but the foresaid Eight Merchants of Scottish nationality, in pursuance of the custom followed for 86 years, were secured in the possession of their privileges in their entirety.

Therefore we, Michael the King, graciously acceding to the foresaid prayer as being in harmony with justice and equity, adhering to the contract entered into by these same Eight Merchants of Scottish nationality attached to the Court and the Worshipful Magistracy of Old Warsaw concerning Land granted for their shops, and having that respect for equity and justice with which we acknowledge the rights of all realms and empires, their felicity, peace and lasting endurance, especially on the present occasion of the Inauguration of our Reign, when in continuance of the laudable custom of our Most Serene Predecessors the Kings of Poland it is even now our desire that the laws fallen into disuse be re-established, the stablished strengthened, and the strengthened made more secure, and that the immunities and liberties of all our subjects should not only be preserved in their antiquity, but also, in the interests of better government, be ordered upon a surer foundation,—have resolved to approve, confirm, ratify, renew, and enforce each and all of the foresaid Liberties and Immunities as if in their actual words herein defined, their Privileges above described, both original and confirmed, and all that they comprise, as ratified by the authority of their Serene Majesties with all sections, clauses, articles, contents, conditions and agreements, in whole and in part, so far as concerns the law, and to appoint to the Court these same Eight Merchants of Scottish nationality here named in full: Andrew Tamson, Andrew Auchleck, Alexander Brun, Peter Enicz, Peter Jonston, George Ryd, Thomas Hog, William Tamson. These we exempt from the entire jurisdiction of all Tribunals, Courts, and Magistrates in our Realm, making and pronouncing them free as Merchants and Servitors of our Court, provided always that they be bound and obliged to compear and answer at the bar of no court save our Royal Court and that of the Most Excellent Marshals of the Realm, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and our Court, in all judicial cases small or great, except those involving Land and Contracts: even as we do approve, confirm, ratify, renew, and enforce them, and appoint them in these our Letters, decreeing that these be held to possess for all time that strength and force which their security demands.

In witness whereof we have signed these presents with our own hand, and ordered them to be fortified with the Seal of our Realm. Given at Cracow, at the General Convention for our Happy Coronation, on the 10th day of October A.D. 1669, the first year of our reign. ‘Confirmation of the Rights of the Eight Scots Merchants attached to the Court.’ MICHAEL REX. (Here is appended the Seal of the Greater Chancery of the Realm) HIERONYMUS PINOCI, Secretary to His Majesty the King.

Petition having been made to us on behalf of Andrew Auchenleck, Andrew Tamson, Peter Ennis, Alexander and William Tamson that we deign to approve and the above Letters with our Royal authority on the present occasion of our Coronation, and to preserve the above named in possession of the rights already described, We, John the King, graciously acceding thereto as being just, have resolved not only to approve, confirm, and ratify the foregoing Letters, Rights, Privileges, Decrees, Liberties, and Immunities belonging to the Eight Merchants of Scottish nationality attached to the Court, with all their sections, clauses, agreements and conditions, but also to substitute and appoint Andrew Tamson, Andrew Auchenleck, Peter Ennis, Alexander Czamer, William Tamson, Peter Gern, Wilhelm Schmidt, and James Jonston in place of certain Scots attached to the Court who have resigned or are now dead, that the number may be kept at Eight, to include them in the number of our Servitors, and to preserve them completely and securely in possession of the foresaid liberties and immunities granted from of old to the Eight Scots Merchants by our Most Serene Predecessors; as we do now approve, confirm, and (so far as accords with Law and Custom) renew and ratify them, and co-opt and include the abovenamed Eight Scots among the number of our Servitors, and preserve them in possession of the said liberties. Furthermore, whereas these same privileged Scots attached to the Court, in terms of the settlement made with citizens who lodged complaints, pay an annual rent for their shops to the city of Old Warsaw (since the passing of a decree in the Courts for the Special Cases of His Serene Majesty John Casimir, our predecessor of divine memory, in the year 1659 after argument by the parties in person, the plaintiffs being the Worshipful Mayor, Councillors, Advocate, Assessors, the Board of Twenty, and the community in general, with the Guild of Merchants (contubernium mercatorum) in the same city, and the defendants the Honourable Albert Ross and other interested Scots attached to the Court erecting and setting up shops in the public market-place of the said city of Warsaw, near the Town Hall, in a place belonging to the said city), therefore we give and grant to the said Scots Merchants now ordained and appointed by us faculty and power to display for sale, sell, and retail all their wares according to their usage and ancient custom in the forementioned eight shops situate in Warsaw, whether Our Majesty be resident there or no, from year to year, without objection or challenge from merchants or any other persons, and to own always in the same privileged place the foresaid shops, stablished, fast, and immoveable. Moreover, if and in so far as through neglect or calamitous times (which may God avert) destruction some day befall these shops by ruin or by fire, then the said Eight Scots Merchants as now or for the time in question constituted shall be at liberty to build and construct them anew in the same accustomed place, at their own expense, without any hindrance from the merchants and magistracy of the city of Old Warsaw. Finally, we strictly charge and direct all and sundry, whatever their rank or station, to refrain from presuming henceforth to cite or summon the foresaid Eight Scots Merchants attached to the Court, on any pretext, but especially with regard to their residence at Warsaw, the retail of their wares, their religion, or any conceivable actions or claims whatsoever, to appear before the Civil Courts or the Court of the Captain of the Castle at Warsaw, or any others except the Courts of the Marshal of the Realm, as competent in their case, the penalty for such presumption being nullity of the suits, of the decrees, and of all proceedings whatsoever, and also that prescribed for infringement of our Rescripts by such citation.

In witness whereof we have signed these presents with our own hand, and ordered that they be fortified with the Seal of the Realm.

Given at Cracow at the time of the Convention for our Happy Coronation, 9th February A.D. 1676, the second year of our reign. JOANNES REX. (Here is appended the Seal of the Greater Chancery of the Realm.) HIERONYMUS PINOCI, Secretary to His Majesty the King.

These Letters entered above we have permitted to be adopted in the present Acts and engrossed therein, and a faithful extract literally transcribed therefrom to be delivered in authentic form to the party requesting the same, the original to be restored again to the presenting party. After which restoration the Chancery adjourned

In witness whereof, etc. Done and given as above —

Liber. Matricis Regni Cancellariae Maioris, vol. 212, f. 262 (in the "Flowny Archivium’ at Warsaw).

IX.

Copy of the Deed appointing John Innes to be the Guardian of Wildigans.

Done at Warsaw on Monday, the day after the Feast of St. Thomas the Apostle, 22nd December 1687.

JOHN THE THIRD, by the Grace of God King of Poland, etc.

We make known, etc., That there have been brought to the present Session of the Greater Chancery of our Realm the Letters on parchment transcribed below, signed by our Royal hand, and fortified with the Seal of the said Greater Chancery, sound, safe, intact, and free from all mark of suspicion, containing our appointment of the Well-famed John Innes, citizen and merchant of Posen, to be Guardian of the estate and person of the Well-famed Zacharias Wildigans; of which Letters the terms are as follows:—

JOHN THE THIRD, by the Grace of God King of Poland, etc.

We make known, etc., That since we have learned from the report of our Counsellors at present in attendance upon us that the Well-famed Zacharias Wildigans by God’s will has reached that state of mind in which, through weakness of intellect, he is in no wise able to manage his own property, we have resolved that the Well-famed John Ines, citizen and merchant of Posen, be given and assigned him as Guardian, even as by these our Letters we do give and assign him, granting to the said Guardian full and general faculty and power to give proper aliment to the said Well-famed Wildigans (since it has been made clear, from the examination which we entrusted to the Worshipful Council of the Magistrates of Posen and from a consultation of physicians, that he urgently requires a Guardian), to take care of his health, to control his estate, to protect him at law should the need arise, and to perform and execute all the other business and duties which by written law and unwritten custom fall to good Guardians; provided always that the said John Ines, Guardian of the said Zacharias Wildigans, be bound to deliver to him, when he has completely regained the fuller possession of his faculties, a satisfactory account of his guardianship and management of the estate, the right of his relatives to exercise this guardianship, should any be found fit therefor and prevented by no legal impediment, remaining unimpaired.

In witness whereof we have signed these presents with our own hand, and ordered that they be fortified with the Seal of the Realm.

Given at Olesko on the 11th day of October A.D. 1687, the thirteenth year of our reign. JOANNES REX. (Here is affixed the Seal of the Greater Chancery of the Realm.) CHRISTOPHER TARANOWSKI, Secretary to the Seal of the Greater Chancery of the Realm at Cracow and Warsaw.

These Letters transcribed above we have permitted to be adopted in the present Acts, and inserted therein, and a literal copy faithfully made therefrom to be delivered in authentic form to the party demanding the same.

In witness whereof, etc. Done at Warsaw, etc., as above. — Warsaw Chief Archives, Liber Matr. Reg., vol. 212, f. 387.

X.

The Well-born Drominski indemnifies the Well-famed Mr. and Mrs. Innes and their children.

Done at Warsaw on Monday, the day after Rogation Sunday, 21st May 1691.

JOHN THE THIRD, by the Grace of God King of Poland, etc.

We make known by these our Letters to all and sundry whom it may concern, that compearing in person before the present Session of the Greater Chancery of the Realm, sound in mind and body, the Well-born Albert Drominski, father of the late Well-born Paul Drominski who was killed in the raid upon the house of the Well-famed Mr. and Mrs. Innes, withdrawing of his own free will from any competent court, lands, districts and jurisdiction, and submitting himself, so far as concerns the recognisances to be made herein, to our Royal jurisdiction, did openly, freely, and expressly recognise, even as he recognises by these presents, that for himself and in name of the Well-born John and Laurence Drominski, his sons, who are minors, and of all other relations in more distant degree of himself and the said Well-born Paul Drominski, deceased, for whose ratification he binds himself and gives caution from all his estate in general, he indemnifies, releases, and makes and declares free the Well-born Peter Innes and Marian Watson, his wife, citizens of Lezne living at Warsaw, and Alexander, Peter, and Elizabeth Innes, brothers and sister german, also the Well-born John Henry Kirstemberg, likewise a citizen of Lezne living at Warsaw, as concerning the Case and Action at law instituted and directed by the Recognisor acting as Prosecutor for himself and in name of the foresaid minors his sons in the Court of the Captain of the Castle for the settlement of disputes at Warsaw on account of the death of the Recognisor’s said son the Well-born Paul Drominski, which was caused during a violent nocturnal raid upon the house of the said Mr. and Mrs. Innes, when the foresaid Peter Innes, the father of the family, had his doors riotously burst in and was dragged from the house and buffeted by the servants and soldiers of His Excellency the Palatine of Plock and by the late Paul Drominski on Monday, the day [20th December, which in 1689 was a Tuesday.] before the Feast of St. Thomas the Apostle A.D. 1689, as is shown by the sentences passed in our Royal presence at Warsaw on the Monday [5th June.] after the Octave of the Feast of Our Lord Christ’s most sacred Body, of last year (1690), in the trial at which the Strenuous Baronowa was criminally convicted for this raid and the killing of the said Well-born Paul Drominski, and other soldiers and servants were found guilty in a lesser degree as his accomplices and accessories in the crime; also as concerning all accusations, proclamations, protestations, and the entire process instituted in that case, at whatever stage it may be depending, on account of the complaint lodged in respect of damages and the expenses of the suit. Moreover, he abolishes, cancels, and annuls the said proclamations and protestations, and the entire process, and imposes upon himself (the Recognisor), his sons, and all his kin, even those of more distant degree, a perpetual silence in respect of the death of the Well-born Paul Drominski his son, caused in the manner foresaid by the soldiers and servants of His Excellency the Palatine of Plock, undertaking, on the security of all his estate in general, to protect, secure, and release the said Well-famed Mr. and Mrs. Innes, their sons and their daughter, and John Henry Kirsztemberg, from all judicial and extra-judicial claim on the part of any persons near or remote, at his own private expense and in any Court or Office; and further to produce before some authentic Court of the Realm his (the Recognisor’s) sons, John and Laurence Drominski, brothers german of the foresaid Well-born Paul Drominski who was killed, and at present minors, when they shall have come to years of discretion, and any adult relations in any way interested in the said case, that they may approve this Indemnification or make one similar thereto, under penalty of material damages to be assessed and enforced upon the making of a simple claim; for which penalty the Recognisor with his descendants, if legally cited before any Court or Office of the Realm at the instance of the foresaid Well-famed Mr. and Mrs. Innes and their successors, shall be bound and obliged with his descendants and successors peremptorily to appear, answer, give legal compliance, and submit to all sentence, avoiding and evading the first and all subsequent and without exception peremptory terms by no delays, evasions, suspensions, inter-diets, protestations, prescriptions or legal subterfuges, nor on account of affairs of State, war, interregnum, agreement, or true or simple infirmity, nor by delays for muniments or any other means of defence, witness this his Recognisance regarding the premises in form of indemnity, warrandice and submission, in fullest form of law, on which for greater surety, instead of signing his name in full, being ignorant of letters, he has set and inscribed two crosses, thus: in presence of the witnesses hereafter named, Michel Waydowski, Sebastian Fabian Rybezynski, who sign as being present at the present indemnification.

Which Indemnity, made with goodwill in the foresaid manner, desiring to keep it firm, valid and secure, we have authorised to be recorded in the present Acts, to be faithfully and literally transcribed therefrom, and authentic extract thereof given to the party demanding it.

In witness whereof we have ordered that these presents be fortified with the Seal of the Realm.

Done and given at Warsaw as above, etc. JOHN CASIMIR PRZEWARSKI, Mayor of the city of Lezne.

XI.

Appointment of the Noble Peter Gern to the Secretariate.

AUGUSTUS THE SECOND, by the Grace of God King of Poland, etc.

We make known, etc. Never do any ornaments and decorations of Great Princes shed around the Majesties of their Courts a fuller and a more resplendent sheen than when men whose excellence of wisdom and talent has been rendered more brilliant by their experience of affairs blaze forth in the brighter radiance of Royal favour. Vast of a surety is the memorial and everlasting its fame, to have directed the stream of Royal bounty towards those whom noble birth and admirable elegance of manner, refined courtesy and dexterity in administration, commend. Therefore, even as we did create a man endowed with a character so exemplary and a zeal so untiring in the service of our predecessors’ Palace and our own, the Noble Peter Gern, Servitor of our Most Serene Predecessors, to be our own servitor, and employ him for affairs wherein is required a special and genuine loyalty, so also for affairs at this present we have impartially and advisedly determined to embrace him with our favour. For at first, when appointed to the staff of our Servitors in attendance at our Palace, the reputation he won for himself was such as to deserve the reward of some fuller beneficence, being a man whose eminent ancestry and remarkable shrewdness, whose ripe experience in the transaction of business and consummate discretion in the conduct of affairs has been duly appraised by us. Accordingly, on the recommendation and approval of the Magnates of our State and Court, we have resolved of our Royal favour to co-opt and appoint to the staff of our Secretaries and Grooms of our Royal Chamber the Noble Peter Gern, that he may secure a wider and more privileged field for his services on our behalf; and we have decreed that he be accepted, held, and designated as our true and lawful Secretary and Groom of our Royal Chamber, proclaiming that he shall enjoy and profitably use every office, distinction and title, including the usual liberty of our Grooms and Secretaries to perform public functions and important commissions, and all the immunities and privileges which the other Secretaries and Grooms of our Chamber enjoy and profitably use.

This we direct to the notice of all our Dignitaries and Officials whom it may concern, but especially the Marshals of our Realm and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and our Court, being desirous to ensure that they accept and acknowledge the foresaid Noble Peter Gern as our true and lawful Secretary and Groom of our Chamber, and permit him to enter our apartment, and command that he be permitted, and answer him concerning all rights and liberties which concern our Secretaries and Grooms of our Chamber, and secure that he be answered by all, and assign him entertainment in virtue of his office at the time of the Assemblies and other public proceedings in any place whatsoever, and abstain from forcing him to pay charges, whether public or private, to the Magistrates of our city of Lublin; since by these presents we exempt him therefrom in consideration of his trouble and personal expenditure on that city’s behalf, and preserve him in possession of the Rights, Rescripts, and Prerogatives conferred by our predecessors upon the said Noble Gern our Servitor.

In witness whereof we have signed these presents with our own hand, and ordered that they be fortified with the Seal of our Realm.

Given at Cracow on the 4th day of October A.D. 1697, the first year of our reign. AUGUSTUS REX. (Here is attached the Seal of the Lesser Chancery of the Realm.) NICOLAS TOMINSLAWSKI (?), Canon of Cracow and Warsaw, Keeper of the Seal of the Realm.— Warsaw Chief Archives, Liber Matr. Reg., vol. 219, f. 370.

XII.

Copy of the Confirmation by King Augustus the Second at Cracow on 4th October 1697 of the Privileges in which is contained the approbation of the confirmations of Rights for the Eight Merchants of Scottish nationality attached to the Court.

Done at Warsaw on the Monday before the Feast of St. Paul the Hermit, 13th January 1698.

AUGUSTUS THE SECOND, by the Grace of God King of Poland, etc.

We make known, etc., That there have been produced in our presence Letters on parchment, copied from the Acts of the Greater Chancery of the Realm, signed by the hand of His Excellency John Wielopolski, Chancellor of the Realm, and secured with the Seal of the Greater Chancery of the Realm, wherein is contained the approbation of the confirmation of the Rights and Privileges graciously granted by our Most Serene Predecessors to the Eight Merchants of Scottish nationality attached to the Court, and belonging to the same, sound, safe, intact, and free from all mark of suspicion; and petition has been made to us that we deign to approve, confirm, and renew the said Letters, which are in the following terms:--

(Here follows a complete text of the Approbation of John III., as given on pp. 12-18.)

Of these Letters entered above we have permitted authentic extract from the said Acts to be given to the party demanding them; in witness whereof the Seal of the Realm has been impressed upon these presents.

Given at Warsaw, in the Greater Chancery of the Realm, on the Monday after the Feast of the Three Holy Kings 8th January A.D.1685, the eleventh year of our reign, at the request of His Most Excellent Lordship John, Count Pieshow and Zywiec Wielopolski, Chancellor of the Kingdom of Poland (Here is affixed the Seal of the Greater Chancery of the Realm.)

M LADOWSKI

Graciously acceding to this petition made to us through the Worshipful Peter Gern, our Servant and actual Secretary, we have resolved to approve and confirm the foregoing Letters, Rights and Privileges, with all their sections, clauses, agreements and conditions, as we do approve, renew, and confirm them by these presents; and by our Royal authority, according to the rights of our predecessors the late Kings of Poland, we add, co-opt and appoint, in place of those Scots deceased who were Merchants attached to our Court, the Worsbipful Peter Gern, merchant, our Servitor and Secretary, with Alexander his son, also the Well-famed Alexander Innes, Alexander Alon, Alexander Ross, Alexander Ryd, William Cowe (?) and William Ross, to be Merchants to our Court, decreeing that the foresaid Rights be held to bind with the force of law, lasting and secure.

In witness whereof we have signed these presents with our own hand, and ordered that they be fortified with the Seal of our Realm.

Given at Cracow, at the Convention for our Happy Coronation, on the 4th day of October A.D. 1697, the first year of our reign. AUGUSTUS REX. (Here is appended the Seal of the Lesser Chancery of the Realm.) NICOLAS POMISLAWSKI, Chancellor at Cracow and Warsaw, Keeper of the Seal of the Realm.— Warsaw Chief Archives, Liber Matr. Reg., vol. 219, f. 189(?).

XIII.

The Well-famed Alexander Innes cedes his Rights to the Well-famed Walter Ogilvie.

Done at Warsaw on the Tuesday before the Feast of St. Matthew the Apostle and Evangelist, 19th September

A.D. 1702. For the consideration of the Most Illustrious Lord Chancellor of the Realm.

AUGUSTUS THE SECOND, by the Grace of God King of Poland, etc.

We make known, etc., That compearing in person before us, and the present Session of the Lesser Chancery of our Realm the Well-famed Alexander Innes, one of the Eight Scots Merchants attached to the Court, being sound in mind and body, with the approval of the Court as constituted, and renouncing willingly any proper and competent jurisdiction of his own so far as concerns the present Act, did spontaneously, freely, openly, publicly, and expressly recognise, and recognises by these presents, That he cedes and withdraws from the Mercantile Rights belonging and competent to him as one of our Eight Scots Merchants, in virtue of the Privileges graciously granted and accorded to the said merchants by the Kings our Most Serene Predecessors, and approved and confirmed by us; and has transferred, made over, conveyed, and resigned them in favour of the Noble Walter Ogilvie, by nationality a Scot, our Secretary, even as on this his present personal compearance before this authentic Court of the Realm he cedes, withdraws, transfers, makes over, conveys and resigns, by means of this his personal Recognisance with regard to the premises, which he signed with his own hand: Alexander Innes.

Which cession and resignation at law made and recognised with good will as above, being desirous that it be held as firm, secure, and legally valid, we have authorised to be adopted in the present Acts, to be entered therein, and a faithful copy made therefrom to be delivered in authentic form to the party demanding it.

In witness whereof, etc. Done, etc., as above.— Warsaw Chief Archives, Liber Matr. Reg., vol. 219, f. 339 (?).

XIV.

At Warsaw on the Thursday before the Feast of St. Michael the Archangel, 27th September A.D. 1703, the Well-famed ALEXANDER ROSS cedes his Rights as one of the Eight Scots Merchants to the Well-famed WILLIAM OARD, in similar terms.

Warsaw Chief Archives, Liber Matr. Reg., vol. 219, f. 352.


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