History of the MacIntyre Clan
Part IV - MAC INTYRE CULTURE

This section on the cultural history of Clan MacIntyre will cover artistic works and the persons who created them. Some are specific to Clan MacIntyre and some are works of art by a MacIntyre without reference to Scotland.

VISUAL ARTS and ARTISTS
Normally, when we think of visual arts, we think of a painting or sculpture. However, when considering an ancient culture like Scotland’s, we must also consider items as diverse as carvings on gravestones and clothing design. There is no artistic design more distinctive, universal, or popular than the tartan patterns of Scotland. Tartan and Plaid

Before discussing the individual MacIntyre tartans, the terms plaid, tartan, and sett need to be defined because the original meanings of tartan and plaid were different meanings from what we know now.

Plaid. Originally, plaid was a large piece of tartan material that was used by Scottish men to create their primary dress, cloak, and outdoor bedding. Plaid has come to mean any crisscross Scottish design,.

Tartan. Originally, tartan was the name for locally woven woolen twill cloth. Now it means the patterns associate with each clan or area, and more recently, to the names of groups and individuals.

Sett. Sett is the pattern of the specific tartan design. The tartan material didn’t always have a design. However, the vertical and horizontal stripes of various widths and colors were popular, and they gave the weaver an outlet for individuality and artistic expression. When weaving was done by hand, it was too labor intensive to permit more than one or two designs by a single weaver or group of weavers. So, it was natural for a popular design to be repeated. Since the users lived near the weaver, and most of the people were from the same clan, a specific tartan design became associated with that area and clan name.

The sett is repeated many times in each piece of tartan material. A smaller sett is needed for a necktie and a larger one for a blanket, but originally there was only one size for use with the plaid (tartan material of a standard size). Regardless of the sett size, the relationship of the stripes and colors is constant, so the design is always recognizable

Colors. Vegetable dyes were used in the oldest tartans the colors were not as bright as animal dyes and over time they faded in the sunlight and harsh weather. It has been said that there are similarities between the setts and colors of related clans. It is easy to find examples to support or reject this idea. Some have argued that most, if not all, tartan designs are new and were only developed to meet a commercial demand in the late 1800. Others say they are steeped in tradition and were brought with the Gaels from the Mediterranean. These assertions are difficult to prove or disprove.

To use the plaid as clothing, a belt was placed on the floor and the plaid was laid lengthwise over the belt. The half below the belt was pleated in the middle to reduce its length. The pleated half covered from the waist to the knee. To achieve this, the user, clad only in a long shirt, would lie down with his waist even with the belt and his bottom on the pleated portion. Then one side of the plaid was drawn over his front and the other side brought forward to overlap the first side. The folds and pleats were held together by buckling the belt tightly around the waist. The user then stood up which caused the upper half of the plaid to drape down over the belt toward the floor. Both ends of this material were brought together behind the wearer, pulled over one shoulder, and pinned to the front of his shirt.

This was called the breacan feile, or belted plaid. In cold and windy weather, the upper half was used as a cape, and at night, when away from home, the plaid became a sleeping blanket. Thus, one piece of heavy woven material (tartan), in one large size (plaid) was all the clothing and bedding that a Scot required.

Once you learned the method of assembly, the only downside to the belted plaid was the large amount of bulky material. Perhaps this is why the Scots removed the breacan feile before going into battle. Others think it was just to avoid getting blood on it. As the need for a cape and outdoor bedding diminished, the long plaid was replaced by the feile beag or short plaid, which became known as the kilt. In the kilt, the pleats were pre-folded and ironed flat. The thickness and toughness of the tartan material kept the pleats in place. The extra material of the belted plaid was replaced by the kilt jacket. The manufacturer of the kilt became possible when the weaving of the tartan material became mechanize. The increase efficiency permitted a lower cost, time for sewing as well as a variety in designs and weight of the material.

History of the Tartan kilt
Prior to the 1745 revolt against English rule, the beag, whether long or short, was considered normal daily wear for Scottish men, especially in the Highlands. The tartan designs were not officially assigned to a specific clan. Nevertheless, it was only natural that a design made by the MacIntyre weavers in Cladich, for example, would be worn by MacIntyres, and associated with their name. If those same weavers made another design, and it was used primarily by the MacIntyres in Glenorchy, then it would be associated with them.

In 1746, wearing of the kilt and displaying of the tartan designs were banned because they were considered emblems of the rebellious Scottish Highlander. The ban remained for thirty-six years, until the "Disclothing Act" was repealed1782.

The repeal of the Disclothing Act increased interest in Scottish heritage, including clan identification, the kilt, and the tartan. The resurgence of clan and Highland pride, along with the commercial viability of tartan designs outside of Scotland, encouraged the identification of specific designs with specific clans. Before this market developed, there was no need to specify the clan since the "locals" all knew which tartan belonged to neighboring clans and served to alert them to the possibility of a friendly or unfriendly encounter.

However, when someone of Scottish-descent in the United States asked the sales person, "Whose tartan is this?," the response might have been, "Oh, it’s MacIntyre." In response to the request for clan specific tartan design identification, reference books were printed with the tartans assigned to specific clans with a brief description of the history of that clan. As we now know, these histories were not always accurate. Perhaps to avoid conflicts and to recognize that tartans were associated with clans, the Lyon Court began to officially recognize some tartans along with clan emblems, such as the plant badge, to go along with the approved heraldic shield and crest.

Use of the Tartan and Kilt
Tartan use isn’t limited to the kilt or trews (trousers), nor is wool the only fiber. You will find tartan designs in blankets, drapes, upholstery, ribbons, tablemats, and all types of clothing. Tartan designs have been woven in cotton, silk and synthetics.

What is the common thread that makes so many distinct Scottish tartan designs so popular outside of Scotland? The crossing lines, multiple colors in a repeated pattern, attracts immediate attention, yet isn’t garish. In addition to being pleasing to the eye, it is an emblem of Scottish virtues, such as, thrift and honesty. Checks and paisley are examples of other internationally recognizable designs, but tartan is the most popular, and only Scotland can claim it, just as only MacIntyres can claim the MacIntyre tartan designs.

The kilt has also become an international symbol of Scotland fashion design, regardless of the materials used or the gender of the wearer. Designers quickly discovered that the pleats provided comfort and the tartan design enhanced the appearance of the wearer’s posterior.

Tartan design is pleasing without any reference to its Scottish origin. Nevertheless, the association with a specific clan adds to its popularity. Tartan has become so popular, that new tartan designs have been created to honor organizations (Black Watch) and individuals (Lady Diana). Clothes designers have created unofficial tartan-like designs, which are called plaids, to differentiate them from tartans. Thus, the originals meaning of tartan and plaid has changed as their primary use has changed from normal daily wear to fashion.

MacIntyre Tartans
There are three MacIntyre tartans: Hunting, Glenorchy, and District or Dress. Each tartan has a distinctive sett and multiple colorations. MacIntyre Hunting and Glenorchy mave three shades of the same coloration and sett: Ancient, Ancient Faded, and Modern. The District designs has two colorations: Ancient and Modern. The modern colors are brighter, reflecting animal dyes, and the ancient colors are more muted, representing vegetable dyes. Vegetable dyes are no longer used but the faded coloration, also known as weathered or muted, was created to reproduce the faded appearance. For example, in the Faded, Ancient MacIntyre Hunting tartan, the green becomes brown and the blue becomes light greenish-blue. The wearing of any of these MacIntyre tartans proudly associates the wearer with the name MacIntyre.

The description of the MacIntyre Ancient Hunting Tartan given by John Sobieski Stuart in `Vestiarium Scoticum' was simple:

twy wyd stryppis of bleu upon ane fyeld grene, and upon y^e ylk ane sprang redd, and upon y^e midward of y^e grene sett ane sprang quhite

This can be translated as, "Two wide stripes of blue upon a field of green, and upon each blue there is a red stripe and upon the middle of the green there is a white stripe. A later description was: On one field of green two blue stripes, a stripe of white in the midward of the green and two streaks of red in the midward of the blue (a streak is narrower than a stripe.). This has been standardized by the Office of the Lord Lyon so that a weaver can reproduce the sett in any size. The official formula is now: 2 white, 16 green, 6 blue, 1 red, 6 blue, 2 green (center of sett) doubled. The color of green or blue is not specified which varies between ancient and modern, and among vattings of the dyes.

Samuel MacIntyre, Architect
Samuel MacIntyre, 17?? – 17??) is considered the most famous architect of the Federalist period in America. He lived in Salem, Massachusetts and designed buildings, furniture and other even three-dimensional decorations. Training? Influences? Stature?

Bards, pipers, storytellers, and seanachie were members of honored Gaelic professions who passed on a clan’s history and culture. Their poems, stories, songs, and music recounted the Chief’s and Clan’s victories, and on rare occasions, their losses, but never defeats! They also traced the genealogy of the family of the Chief. Those individuals described below are the ones who achieved public notice but there are many MacIntyres who have written poetry inspired by their MacIntyre heritage. A few examples are in Appendix II.

Duncan Ban MacIntyre (b. 1724 , d. 1812)
Among the poets of Clan MacIntyre, the most famous, by far, is Duncan Ban Nan Oran . He is often referred to as the Burns of the Highlands, and is recognized as the last great Scottish poet of the Gaelic language. His Verses on Arms, a tribute to James (III), is especially important because it is the first documentation of the Glenoe Arms.

Duncan MacIntyre was born On March 20, 1724, at Druim Liaghart, a small crofting community beside Loch Tulla, in Glenorchy, Argyllshire. There was no school nearer than fifteen miles down the glen at Clachan-an-Diseirt, now called Dalmally. This made a formal education impossible so Duncan Ban could neither read nor write, even in Gaelic. However, the urge to describe what he saw, and the Gaelic tradition of the bards, was so great, that his talent could not be denied, despite his lack of formal training.

His many verses were all committed to memory and, were designed to be sung. It was for this reason that he was known as Donncha-ban-nan-Oran, or Fair Duncan of the Songs. He was to the Highlands what Robert Burns was to the Lowlands, the darling of the people. It was left to others to translate his songs into Gaelic and English and to have them published. He then went on tour to sell his book, like the modern rock stars sell their songs.

Duncan was quick at repartee. Once, when he was singing his songs at Ft. William, he was holding his book upside down. When this was called to his attention he retorted promptly in Gaelic, "It makes no difference to the good scholar what end is towards him (or uppermost)."

He was a contemporary of his Chief, James (III). Older than James by three years, at age twenty-one Duncan was already in the Argyll Miltia when the ’45 rebellion began. He participated on the side of the Government at the behest of his Glenorchy master, the Earl of Breadalbane. He didn’t volunteer to fight but was paid 300 merks to take the place of a Campbell named Archibald Fletcher. Duncan, who risked his life for money and future employment, was on the losing side at the initial Battle of Falkirk. When Duncan eventually returned without the sword, Fletcher refused to pay him because he lost the sword. In a poem about the battle, Duncan describes the sword as old, bent, jagged, and rusty to show it wasn’t worth a farthing, let alone 300 merks. The sword was probably "lost" when it slowed Duncan’s "retreat" through the marshes along with the other Government soldiers, who were routed by Prince Charlie’s enthusiastic and unpaid rebels. Fletcher was one of the many "gentleman" who did not wish to fight beside his Campbell kinsman, and could well afford to pay a MacIntyre to fight in his place. Perhaps Fletcher was hoping that both Duncan and the sword wouldn’t return and that the widow MacIntyre would be too intimidated to collect the 300 merks? Scotland and Clan MacIntyre were the better for Duncan surviving without the sword. Duncan was eventually paid after the intercession of the Earl of Breadalbane.

For most of his long life, Duncan earned his living as a forester to the 2^nd and 3rd Earl of Breadalbane. All of the mountains he surveyed are mentioned in his poems, of which he most famous and finest was The Praise of Ben Dorain. He is also famous with his countrymen for his poems about the Battle of Falkirk, and two poems of a historical nature, one criticizing the banning of the kilt (for which he was briefly imprisoned) and another celebrating the return of the kilt. However, his clansmen are most indebted to him for his composition, Verses on Arms, composed upon seeing the emblems on the his Chief’s Ring and Seal when visiting his fellow poet, James (III), at Glenoe.

Outstanding among the songs of affection is Song to his Newly-Wedded Wife. He brought his young bride, Mairi Bhan Og or "Fair Young Mary,"to their first home on the estate of Alexander MacDonald of the lands of Dalness. Mary was also a MacIntyre, whose father, Nicol MacIntyre, was the keeper of a small wayside inn at Inveroran. It is said that Duncan, being a poet and of an easy disposition, made it necessary for his wife to be quite practical, as this anecdote will show: "One rainy day as he lay in bed composing his poems, the wet made itself disagreeably felt. Addressing her by the classic title she then enjoyed and has ever since retained, "Fair Young Mary", quoth he, "go forth and thatch the house; the ooze comes in." "Fair Young Mary" was an efficient helpmate to her husband, bore his children, and in later years, accompanied him on his many trips through the Highlands and the Isles to obtain subscribers to the third edition of his poems. In his songs of nature and his use of the Gaelic language, Duncan Ban MacIntye was supreme.

Following his death in 1812, in his 89th year, The Scots Magazine for October commented at length, of which the following is an extract:

. . .nothing like the purity of his Gaelic, and the style of his poetry, has appeared in the Highlands of Scotland since the days of his countryman, the sublime Ossi.

Duncan lies buried in Old Grey Friars Churchyard, Edinburgh, along side Mary, who followed him there February 28, 1824. Of his monument it is said, "Here marks the spot that will ever be sacred to all who speak the Gaelic language and appreciate the grace and grandeur of the songs bequeathed to them by Duncan Ban MacIntyre." On September 2, 1859, a second monument to the poet's memory was raised on Creagan-chaorach, Dalmally, near the Beacon Hill to the east of Loch Awe. A hundred years later, the monument suffered extensive damage from lightning but it has been restored through the work of a Committee under the convenership of Angus McIntyre of Crianlarich.

James MacIntyre 3^rd of Glenoe (b. 1727 - d. 1799)
James, the third Chief of record, was also a recognized poet. Except for verses expressing admiration for the Rev.Donald MacNicol of Lismore, his verses were scathing sarcasm, primarily aimed at the renowned English scholar, Dr. Samuel Johnson. Three of these poems are in Gillies’ Collection, and a sample of his style is found in the translation by Moray McLaren of his verses "On Samuel Johnson, Who Wrote Against Scotland." The original of this poem, in Gaelic, may be found in the Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness, which quotes from the MacLagan mss. Le Seumas Mac-an-t-Saoir, Fear a Ghleinne Nodha, 1775 (James MacIntyre of Glen Noe). It was this same James, who was the subject of Duncan Ban’s laudatory poem, as well as a poem by James Shaw, a fellow poet and scholar.

Peter MacIntyre 13^th of Camus-na-h-Erie (b. 1763?, d. 1855)
Peter, the twelfth Representer of the House of Camus-na-h-Erie, wrote under the nom de plume of "Cruachan." Born in ????, Peter was a Lieutenant in the Royal Marines and cousin of the Rev. John MacIntyre of Kilmonivaig, who succeeded him as representer of the branch upon Peter’s death on June 30, 1855. His best remembered poem is Traghadh mo Dhuthcha, which means `Longing for my homeland'. This Gaelic poem was included in Munro's edition of songs, Am Filidh published in 1840.

Patrick MacIntyre of Loch Awe (b. 17??, d. 1855)
Some poems are meant to be sung, and this is particularly true of "Cruachan Ben" composed by Patrick MacIntyre who was born at Letterwood, Loch Awe, in 1782. In 1811, he became the parish schoolmaster of Innisail, at Achnacarron, and served there until his death in 1855. He is buried in Glenorchy.

John MacIntyre of 15^th of Camus-na-h-erie (b. 1794, d. 1870)
As a young boy, around age nine or ten, John had the pleasure of seeing Duncan Ban MacIntyre and his wife Mary when they visited the house of his father, Duncan MacIntyre whose wife was Jean, daughter of James (III). Duncan Ban and Mary were seeking subscriptions to his book of poetry. He wrote poetry and translated from English into Gaelic other poets, such as Burns and Scott. Thus, Peter, Patrick and John has knowledge of Duncan Ban and James (III) and carried on their legacy.

Angus MacIntyre of Glasgow (b. 18??, d. after 1936)
Cruachan Vistas is a collection of poems, edited by Angus MacIntyre. It includes poem by Angus as well as the music for "Cruachan Ben" by Patrick MacIntyre, with Gaelic words. This was the first Gaelic song harmonized by John Macintyre for a St. Columba Gaelic choir concert in 1876. The English translation of the words is in Appendix II.

Angus MacIntyre of Taynuilt and Tobermory (b. 19??, d. 19??)
The most recent, well-known, published Scottish poet of the name MacIntyre or Wright came from Taynuilt, the nearest town to Glen Noe. Like Duncan Ban, Angus’father was a forester and as a child, Angus spent many-a-day with his father - hunting, fishing, and observing the beauties of nature around Taynuilt at the foot of Ben Cruachan. As an adult his live in Tobermory on the Isle of Mull and continued his poetry on local subjects. Collections of his poems were published in 19 and 19 . The subject matter ranges from the philosophic, to nature, to local humor. Two of his poems are in Appendix II.

MAC INTYRE STORYTELLERS

Alexander James MacIntyre of Inveraray (b. 1895, d. 1968)
The only MacIntyre storytellers by name are from the House of Stranmore. The only one to attempt to put these stories down in writing was Alexander (Alick) James MacIntyre of Inveraray, born 18?? And died 196?. He is the source of a number of the stories in this volume as they weretold to him by his Grandmother, Jean Bell Tullick . He had the "gift of gab" in the best sense of the phrase, in his love of the story, the telling of it, and his way with words.

Angus MacIntyre of Tobermory (b. 1911`, d. 197?)
Writing poety was not enough to sustain a family, so Angus became a banker. After posts in a number of other cities, he was assigned the bank’s branch in Tobermory, on the Isle of Mull. There he remained the rest of his life, raising a family and soaking up the lore of that Isle. These are reflected in his collection of poem, but also in the many stories he wrote. Because he was so good at storytelling, and it was a respected profession among the Gaels, he became Mulls most sought after speaker, for all occasions. The affection for him was so great, that on his retirement from the bank, he was given the keys to the city, and a rent-free apartment over his bank in Tobermory.

MacIntyre March
The MacIntyre March is considered one of the finest march tunes and deserves more than passing mention. Gabhaidh Sinn An Rathad Mor is variously translated as "We Will Take the Good Old Way" or "We Will Take the Highway." For the many places you will find this quick-step check the bibliography . The English version of the Gaelic is from the translation by Rev. Dr. Alexander Stewart of Nether Lochaber, composed in 1873.

Because the tune was so fine, other clans have expropriated it and substituted their own words. It will therefore be found in other collections under titles such as `The Stewart's March', `The Highway', `The Sherra'muir March' and so forth. In those cases, there may be a claim of origin for their clan and a lively discussion on this very subject was carried in the Oban Times in 1888 over a period of months! The Gaelic words for the MacIntyre March are attributed to Iain Breac MacEandraic (Freckled John Henderson), a native of Appin. The Stewarts first played it in 1547, as they returned from the disastrous Battle of Pinkie.

There can be no doubt that the March belongs first to Clan MacIntyre for it is the Clan referred to in the oldest set of Gaelic words. These words contained a jeering reference to the Clan Campbell as luchd nam braoisg or "wry mouthed" in spite of the fact that the powerful Clan would resent such independence on the part of the weaker Clan MacIntyre. The third verse attributes this feeling of independence to the fact that the singer had spent the night in the company of his clansmen, the MacIntyres of Cladich. The MacIntyre March is said to be the tune to which Bonnie Prince Charlie made his triumphal entry into Edinburgh on September 17, 1745, preceded by "A Hundred Pipers an `a an `a."

Reba McEntire, Country musicsinger

Pipers

James MacIntyre, 5^TH Chief of Glenoe (b. 1785, d. 1863)
James was born in New York, but at the age of twenty-one he returned to Scotland and Glen Noe. After a stay of sixteen years, he returned to New York. In 1852, at the request of his children, he described to the best of his memory what he knew about the history of Clan MacIntyre and his forbearers. In this sense, he was the first Clan MacIntyre historian of record. The only other historical record prior to this was Duncan Ban’s Verses on Arms discussed previously. Of course, there is a strong possibility that his grandfather, James (III) had written in the Black Book of Glenoe as had others before him, but until it is found we will never know.

Duncan, 14^TH Chieftain of Camus-na-h-Erie (b. 1831 d. after 1901)
Duncan was born at Balrour, Scotland in 1831. He published a bound monograph on Clan MacIntyre, including both the Glenoe Chiefs and Camus-na-h-Erie Chieftains with their respective genealogies. He obtained his information from correspondence with James (V) and Donald (VI) in the United States as well as from his father and grandfather on the Camus-na-h-Erie side of his family.

There are numerous family genealogists among Clan MacIntye. However, those listed here have put into print, what their research has uncovered. The many others who are deserving of mention will hopefully be encourages to publish their finding and thus, be included in the next edition.

Angus MacIntyre of Glasgow ( ) He felt that he had traced the Chiefs back to Biblical times. He founded the first Clan MacIntyre Association in Glasgow in 1923. Fortunately, L. D. MacIntyre, didn’t agree with Angus’ opinion that someone outside of Scotland couldn’t write a history of Clan MacIntyre.

It would be nice to be able to claim the Wright Brothers as Scots, and therefore MacIntyres. Then we could factually claim that a MacIntyre invented the airplane.

So far this author has not been successful in substantiating this claim but would encourage his fellow clansmen to do the necessary genealogical work to either prove or disprove this assertion.

(F.N.) The author has not performed a genealogical check to determine if each of the following individuals are of Scoti(Scottish or Irish Gaelic) descent. If their legal family name, or mothers

maiden name are one of those listed under names associated with MacIntyres, then they are given the benefit of the doubt and welcomed as representatives of Clan MacIntyre.

Cardinal MacIntyre ,

Bishop MacIntyre (Mormon Church),

L.D. MacIntyre, President of the American Ethical Union,

Rev. John MacIntyre, Moderator, Church of Scotland

POLITICS Director, U.S.Bureau of the Budget, President Roosevelt’s Physician, New Zealand Parliament

SPORTS Rodeo Champions, Guy McIntyre, All-Star Lineman for the American Football Championship team, San Francisco Forty-Niners,

Performing Arts. Artistic Performers -, ? Scottish Dancers, , Film star,

Check Who’s Who

Clan MacIntyre Association.
In 1890, a group of MacIntyres in Glasgow started to meet for the purpose of promoting their identity as members of a larger family, Clan MacIntyre. In a letter dated 1914, a Julia MacIntyre is corresponding with the Chief at that time, James (VII) in New York. It seems that the organization was not formalized but was still in existence twenty-four years after it began. It probably lost momentum as minds and hearts were concentration on the "war to end all wars."

The next reference to a Clan MacIntyre Association was in 1923 when it was re-instituted under the leadership of Angus MacIntyre, who acted as its secretary, a position that did not come and go as presidents might. He was what one might term, a character, with definite views and a great interest in all things MacIntyre. The Association had general meetings with various committees. It had a letterhead, which identified James (VII) of New York as the Chief of Clan MacIntyre. This Association continued into the late 1930s when it met the same fate as the first attempt and for the same reasons as World War II began in 1939.

Clan McIntire of Maine, United States of America.
This group began in 1916 and as the `Micum McIntire Clan' instituted annual gatherings of the descendants of the first Malcolm which was owned by General Jeremiah McIntire.(P?). Malcolm McIntire was probably the first of the name to settle in what became the United States. He is mentioned in the New England Genealogical Records as Micum the Scot, Micum being the pronunciation of Malcolm. It is stated that he was a giant, well over 6 feet, who had been captured by Cromwell's forces at the Battle of Dunbar on September 3, 1650. He was included with those who were to be executed, the way prisoners of war were handled in those days. This probably accounts for the ferocious fighting, since one died one way or the other.

Malcolm broke away from the group and it took quite a few of Cromwell's men to overtake and subdue him. Perhaps in recognition of his valor, the sentence of death was commuted to seven years of servitude in the salt mines of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, and he was deported with the 150 prisoners on the `Unity' which sailed to Boston 1650-51. After serving his time in the present Dover, New Hampshire, he next is located in what is now York, Maine circa 1667. His size and strength was commemorated in this poem:

And there was Micum McIntyre
With his great foot and hand
He kicked and cupped Sam Treathy so
He could neither go or stand.

There, Malcolm, shortly after December 1670 married the widow of a friend and fellow prisoner, Alexander Mackanere, who on his deathbed asked that Malcolm do so to protect her.

The widow owned a house, which in later years became known as the McIntire Garrison House because it was used to quarter troops that were in that section to protect the settlers from the Indians. The upper story juts out over the lower one, supposedly so that hot water and oil could be poured down on anyone below trying to set fire to the house.

Malcolm’s will, dated April 17, 1700, is signed, Micom X Mecantire. The direct male line of the first Malcolm McIntire ended in the late 1940s but annual gatherings of the `clan' continue to be held and there are probably more descendants of this MacIntyre family in the United States than any other MacIntyre family, simply on the basis of longevity.

Clan MacIntyre Association (Take from Pre Ardua)
This is the third carnation of the Clan MacIntyre Association and when it was created, it was the only known association open to all MacIntyes and associated names. In 1976, M. L. MacIntyre, the youngest son of L. D. MacIntyre and the editor of this second edition, decided to celebrate the United States of America’s Bi-Centennial by going to Glen Noe and symbolically reclaiming the land for all MacIntyres (see Return of the MacIntyres, Part V.). An advertisement for a piper, boat, and photographer in the Oban Times drew the attention of the editor who contacted the London Sunday Express. Their correspondent in Washington D.C. contacted the family. An article about the planned trip appeared in the London paper on the day of their arrival, about one week before the event. It was read by Ian Stuart McIntyre who had always wanted to go to Glen Noe since he was age four when a planned trip was canceled by bad weather. This was during the World War II Blitz when, like many young children, he was resettled with rural relatives in Scotland, away from the bombs. So it was that Ian finally made his long delayed trip to Glen Noe.

Ian was amazed by the L.D.’s knowledge of Scottish and MacIntyre history. He insisted that a history be published. As a result of the trip, a film was produced but more importantly, one year later, on August 8, 1977, at L.D.’s eightieth birthday celebration, the first copy of the first edition of this history was given birth. As with the bookplate and letterhead that L.D. printed 50 years before, there was a mass mailing to recover the cost of printing. Any profits were to be used for a future printing. There were a modest number of sales that eventually covered the costs and, as with the search for the Chief, and the trip to Glen Noe, there was an unexpected result. Dr. Roger MacIntyre, one of the first purchasers of the book, offered to start an association of MacIntyres. L.D. became a co-founder and the first President and Alice MacIntyre, became the first Secretary-Treasurer and Editor of the newsletter, Per Ardua. L.D. made sure that one of the prime objectives of the Association was to have the Chief recognized by the Lyon Court in Scotland and to return Glen Noe to the MacIntyres. A Glenoe Fund was established in 1983 to raise fund that could be used to support the recognition of the Chief in Scotland and eventually, to purchase all, or part, of Glenoe. The first goal was accomplished in 1991, so only reclaiming Glenoe remains. The Association has an annual meeting in conjunction with a Highland gathering at various locations in United States and Canada. They publish a quarterly newsletter, Per Ardua and sponsor a ? .

Clan MacIntyre Society, Inc.
This group, formed in 199?, is headquartered in Tacoma, Washington and the majority of its membership comes from this area. Their special interest is Clan MacIntyre genealogy and education in the Scottish and MacIntyre heritage. They created the first Clan MacIntyre organization website. They have a quarterly newsletter and two special events, a High Tea in October and an Annual Meeting in the Spring They host tents at Highland games in the northwest United States.

Irish MacIntyres. There is a organization of Irish MacIntyres that is, surprisingly, located in Ireland. Surprisingly, only because most organizations of this type are started by the homesick among us and not by those who never leave. On the Internet, there are Irish MacIntyres who have formed an impromptu chat group searching for their origin as Irish MacIntyres and their relationship, if any, with Irish McAteers, as well as with Scottish MacIntyres since in Gaelic both are spelled, Mac-an-t Saoir.

One Home for all MacIntyres and Wrights.
An attempt is being made to have the various existing MacIntyre groups come under one umbrella organization so their combined knowledge and energy will not be diluted. The World Wide Web may become the place where all MacIntyres can meet and share their knowledge in all things MacIntyre. But, just like the world before the Internet, when you put in the name MacIntyre, you will not one but many site and many versions of the same stories about MacIntyres.

L.D. MacIntyre and Alice Sonnenschein MacIntyre were such an important part of the recent history of Clan MacIntyre that it is necessary to say a few words about them so future generations may know what it took to bring this history to life and what it will take to continue the effort.

It is hard to imagine spending fifty-five years of sustained effort to complete anything. And it is just as difficult to imagine in today’s world, that a young man of fourteen, in a little town of Rochester, Indiana, would learn to love history by sitting in his Uncle’s attic reading three ponderous volumes of The History of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.¹ It was this thirst for knowledge that sustained L. D. MacIntyre in collecting the information for the first edition of this book and that made him work tirelessly until the Arms of James IX were matriculated in Scotland by the Lyon Court. In acknowledging this, Rothsay Herald, Sir Crispin Agnew of ????,Bt, wrote, "without [L.D.’s perseverance] the recognition would never have succeeded." This level of achievement is more than most of us can expect in our lifetimes.

And when better to experience a crowning achievement than in your last moment of life? Herodotus, the father of occidental historians, in his History of the Persian Wars reported that Solon, known as the wisest man of his age, during his ten year self-exile from Athens, visited King Croesus of Lydia. After Croesus showed Solon his immense wealth, he asked Solon, "Whom, of all the men that you have seen, do you consider the most happy?"² He assumed that his gold and jewels would surely qualify him as number one.. Without hesitation, Solon’s first and second choices were individuals of no renown. In disbelief, Croesus asked how it was possible that these simple men could possibly be happier than a King, who was also the wealthiest man on earth? Solon responded with this simple truth.

He who unites the greatest number of advantages and, retaining them to the day of his death, then dies peaceably, that man alone, is entitled to bear the name of "happy."

So it was, that my father achieved happiness, something that has eluded many, especially the rich and famous.

Alice, my mother, was just as fortunate. The youngest daughter of Jewish Hungarian immigrants to the United States, she worked her way through the University of Missouri and graduated as an English major, honor student, and tennis champion. She met L.D. on a summer job with the Red Cross for a flood disaster in Arkansas. Her life and a wife, mother and worker were marked by hope, hard work, highest standards, giving, and always encouraging others to do the same.

Unlike L.D., Alice didn’t take 50 or 60 years to complete a project. Once she decided to do it, you knew it would be done well and in the shortest possible time. After all, again unlike L.D., she knew perfection was impossible and that time didn’t stand still. Without her impetus, this history, like so many other untold histories, would still be boxes of notes in a basement and eventually lost, like the Black Book of Glenoe. L.D.’s notes were on little scraps of paper that could only be connected by synapses in his brain. It is beyond my understanding how one brain could hold so much about one thing without bursting. But, it was Alice who said it must be done and gave a one year deadline, L.D.’s 80th birthday. It was Alice who did the transcription on an IBM Selectric typewriter from audio tapes. It was Alice who edited and lovingly cracked the whip. It was Alice who met the deadline after 50 years of L.D.’s search for perfection, or from Alice’s view, procrastination.

What a perfect pairing of two very different individuals, with different personalities and skills that combined to reach one goal, a history of Clan MacIntyre. But it didn’t end there. This history gave rise to the reformation of the Clan MacIntyre Association, and here again Mac and Alice, Alice and Mac, were the inseparable founders, first Councilors, first President and Secretary/Treasurer, first Editor of Per Ardua, and the parents that every young organization needs to help it through the early years. Mac was the head and Alice was the heart, lungs, arms, and legs.

Alice lived to see the Clan MacIntyre Association and her beloved Per Ardua grow and flourish and Mac lived live to see the Chief recognized in Scotland just days before he died. We should all be so lucky, and talented, and dedicated. May they rest in peace in the knowledge that they live on in our minds and hearts and in this volume as part of the history of Clan MacIntyre. (Scottish Blessing)

Dunstaffnage Castle, Falls of Lora, Ardchattan Priory, Taynuilt, Loch Etive, Ben Cruachan, Glen Noe, Airdeny, Stone Age relects, Kilchrenan Church graveyard, The Pass of Brander, Cruachan Hydroelectric Plant, St. Conan’s Kirk, and Duncan Ban MacIntyre’s Monument.¹ This tour takes you along route A85 with side trips all along the way.

Dunstaffnage Castle. Starting at Oban, drive north about 3 miles on Route A85/A828 to the signs for Dunstaffnage Castle on the left. The castle is considered by most to be the essence of an early Scottish fortress. This may be the site of the first capitol of a united Scotland where the Stone of Dentiny (Lia Fail) was kept. In response to the threat of Viking raids, the capitol and the Stone of Destiny were moved inland to Scone, the former capitol of the old Pictish Kingdom. Dunstaffnage was the Castle in the story of the Piper’s warning and it was where Flora MacDonald, Bonnie Prince Charlie’s, Highland heroine, was held after saving him from certain capture.

Ardchattan Priory and Duncan’s grave. To visit the gravesite of Duncan, the first documented Chief of Glenoe, record, continue north on A85/A828 and take A828 across the Connel Bridge in the direction of Fort Williams and North Connel. As you cross the bridge, the Falls of Lora will be below you on your right. After crossing, immediately turn right to go along the shore of Loch Etive, which will lead you to the Ardchattan Priory.

The Priory was built in 1291by Sir Duncan MacDougallof Lorn, and most importantly, it is the burial site of Duncan (I) and many other MacIntyes. According to Angus MacIntyre, a 20th century poet born in Taynuilt, King Robert the Bruce convened the last meeting of the Scottish Council of Chiefs at which Gaelic was spoken, at Ardchattan Priory in 1308, six years before Bruce defeated Edward I at Bannockburn and then defeated the MacDougalls at Brander Pass.

Arcchattan Priory is now a private residence with an attractive garden. At one time it had a tea room but it is no longer open. You should have no difficulty in locating the graveyard and with a litter searching the tombstone of Duncan (I) and his Lady Mary. During the construction of the Priory, the workers needed a place of worship and built a small chapel at the top of the hill behind the Priory. The chapel and grounds of this earlier ruin contain several other MacIntyre graves and stones.

Barcaldine Castle. While on the north side of Loch Etive, you might want to drive up to this Castle of Patrick (Para Beeg) Campbell, 1^st Lord Barcaldine. Patrick was father of Mary Campbell, wife of Duncan (I). To get there, return from the Priory until to reach the shore road and go straight. This will take you to A282, a couple of miles north of where you left it before. Turn right and continue north for about 6 miles. Turn at the Barcaldine Castle sign. The Castle is open for a small fee and it has a nice tea room and a gift shop. The books they dell don’t mention that Para Beeg (Little Black Patrick) was one of the patriarchs of the MacIntyres of Glenoe.

Taynuilt. Return the way you came, cross the bridge and turn east on Route A85 for about six miles until you reach Taynuilt, the nearest concentrated population to Glen Noe. On the way to Taynuilt, on the right, is the Falls of Lora Hotel where Mr. Ian Hamilton planned the re-stealing of the Stone of Scone/Destiny from Westminster Abbey. It was also the Hotel used during the making of the movie "Return of the MacIntyre." On the left is Airds Bay, Airds Park, and Airds Point. This is the location of Muckairn Parish Church where the cemetery contains over twenty MacIntyre tombstones. Back on the road, follow the signs to Taynuilt where you will turn left off A85. Taynuilt is a nice village with everything you might need to stay for a few days; grocery, police, ScotRail station and B&Bs. Their annual Highland Games are the second Saturday in August. They have a Monument to Nelson, Bonawe Furnace Iron works, an honor-system nine-hole golf course, and an excellent car repair shop conveniently located near the narrow railroad bridge for those who forget that the ‘right’ side of the road is not the ‘correct’ side of the road. Continue through the town on the left side of the road you cross a narrow bridge over the train tracks. Don’t forget to stay on the left side of the road after crossing the bridge and continue to keep left even when there is a sharp left turn. This will bring you the Polfearn Hotel and then to the pier at the end of the road. On the way you will pass by a sign to the Bonawe Furnace and Monument to Lord Nelson. Keep the location of that turn in mind so you can go there on your return.

Next to the pier is Inverawe, the entrance of the River Awe into Loch Etive. This is "the elbow" where Loch Etive bends to the Northeast. The River Awe is prized for salmon fishing. Fishing laws are strict but you can fish without a license as long as you stay close to the lock where the sea water from Loch Etive and the fresh water from the River Awe mix. Loch Etive is famous for its mussels, salmon, and sea trout.

A short distance up the River Awe but on the other side is a fishing lodge, a smoke house and a fly casting pond stocked with trout. You can reach the other side by crossing a swinging foot bridge and about an hour later be in Glenoe. You will also pass them later when traveling by car to Glen Noe. Only a short distance past the pier and river, the southeastern shoreline of Loch Etive runs right into the side of Ben Cruachan, which is a formidable barrier to all but the most determined hiker. This is perhaps where the first MacIntyres tried to reach the other side of the mountain and were repulsed by the mountain spirits because it was too dangerous to traverse. On the other side of this barrier, sheltered from the world, is Glen Noe, the first of three glens.

It is only in recent times that a forestry logging road was carved into the side of Ben Cruachan permitting land access to Glen Noe, Glen Liver, Glen Kinglass and beyond. Before this road was carved through the steep mountain slope, the best access to Glen Noe was over the high pass from Glenorchy below the top of Ben Cruachan or by boat on Loch Etive. By boat is still the easiest way to Glen Noe and it is the way the Royal Mail is still delivered each day. A boat can land at the Glen Noe dock only during high tide so timing is very important. You could take the boat tour now or postpone it if you can’t wait to set foot on the land where MacIntyre Chiefs of old lived for centuries. The commercial boat tour takes about 2 hours and you will see the mussel farming, the Glenoe pier, meadow and cairn in memory of the chiefs of Clan MacIntyre. You will also see the other Glens and probably the seals, bird life and deer, if you have binoculars,. Dress warmly.

On your return from the boat trip to Taynuilt village, be sure to stop and see the Bonawe Iron Furnace and the Monument to Lord Nelson.

At this point, decide if you want to go to Glen Noe immediately or the other sights. I recommend that you save an entire day for Glenoe so either do this on your first day (if you can’t stand to wait) or complete rest of the tour and see Glenoe the next day.

Airdeny, Glen Lonan, and Diarmid’s Pillar. Return to the intersection where you entered Taynuilt and go directly across A85 toward Airdeny and Glen Lonan. Airdeny is not a town but a place named after one of the brothers who accompanied Deirdre and Noise to Alba and Loch Etive. Stop long enough at Ardeny to look back at the twin peaks of Ben Cruachan. Continue toward Glen Lonan and Strontoiller’s farm, near to which , you will find a stone ring of low boulders. At Glen Lonan you will find a group of cairns know as Diarmid’s Pillar. The standing stones, circles, and cairns are the only visible signs of the people who lived here before the Picts and Scots arrived. Return the way you came to A85.

Glen Nant and Kilkrennan Church graveyard. Turn right onto A85 and after a very short distant turn right again onto B845. This will take you through the Caledonian Forest of Glen Nant, along side the River Nant, past Loch Nant to Kilkrenan on Loch Awe. The churchyard has the gravestones of many MacIntyres, from the distant past to the present. It is here you will find an 1815 monument to Robert McIntyre with the MacIntyre Arms. Return the way you came and turn right on A85 to finally have your Glen Noe adventure.

Glenoe. Travel about 2.5 miles toward the Pass of Brander in the direction of Dalmally. Immediately after crossing the bridge over the River Awe, take a sharp left to Inverawe on a single-track road. You stay on this road for two miles keeping to the right at the Y-fork until you reach a locked gate with a sign (Private Road). Before you reach this gate, you will pass the fishing lodge on the left at Inverawe House, the site of a famous ghost story.

It seems that late one night in the mid 1700s, Duncan Campbell was home alone at Inverawe House when there was a knock at his door. When he opened the door there was a Highlander with blood on his clothing. He admitted to having killed a man in a brawl but asked for shelter and protection. In an act of Highland kindness, he promised with an oath on his dirk not to give him protection. No sooner was he hidden, than his pursuers knocked at the door and told Duncan that his nephew foster brother Donald had just been murdered and his murderer was nearby. True to his solemn oath, he did not reveal the fugitive’s hiding place. That night, with the murder under his roof, Duncan slept poorly and a vision of his bloodied nephew appeared. The ghost demanded that he not shelter his murdered. Duncan took the fugitive to a cave in the hills but the ghost returned the next night and said, "Blood has been shed. Do not shelter my murderer." The terrified Duncan went to the cave but the fugitive was gone.

The ghost appeared one more time and said, "Farewell, till we meet at Ticonderoga." Duncan did not know what that meant, but it preyed heavily on his mind. In 1758, Major Duncan Campbell of the Black Watch’s 42^nd Regiment was called to duty and sent to America to fight the French. He was part of the British forces assigned to attack Fort Carrillon. Days before the battle, Duncan heard that the Indian name for the place was Ticonderoga and it filled him with dread and thoughts of death. The morning of the attack the vision appeared, and said, "This is Ticonderoga." Duncan died that day as he knew he would. His grave is still to be found there. It is said that back at Inverawe, many local people saw a vision in the sky of the battle of Ticonderoga.

Perhaps you better delay your visit to the Smokery and fly-casting ponds stocked with trout, until after you make your pilgrimage to Glenoe. So continue on the narrow road darkened by the heavy forest until you reach the locked gate with a sign (Private Road). If you aren’t completely spooked, you will need to park your car to the side of the road and walk or bicycle for about 2.5 miles until you cross the River Noe and reach Glen Noe. The first 1.5 miles goes up and down until you come to a second locked gate, which you also go around, and then continue about a mile to the Glenoe Farm. The walk is not too difficult, since the owner, Mr. Heriot-Maitland of Aberdeen, takes good care of the road. It will take about 1-2 hours each way with good walking shoes. Glenoe Farm has about 3000 sheep tended by the farm manager who lives in the "new" house that you come to first. Farther along is a house said to be built in 1858, and restored with modern conveniences within the last 20 years. During the season, it is used by the owner as a hunting lodge and during the summer as a self-catered rental retreat. There are no "No Trespass" laws in Scotland but you must leave it just as you find it and avoid contacting or otherwise interacting with those who live there. Simply enjoy the peace and quiet that are sorely missing in most of the world and commune with the spirits of your forefathers. There is a trail that goes up the glen along the River Noe. You will soon reach an idyllic spot where there is a waterfall with a pool below it. Some kind soul has put a bench there to sit and contemplate the origin of MacIntyres and life itself. For the adventurous and hearty, there is the climb to the top of the pass where in days gone by the MacIntyres and Campbells would meet on Midsummer’s Day and have snowball fights followed by roasting and eating the fatted calf at the Stone of the Fatted Calf.

Down at the shore, the road continues along the loch side up a hill about 1.5 miles beyond Glenoe to Glen Liver, which is owned by Dorothy Fleming who lives there. Another 1.5 miles beyond Glen Liver, is Glen Kinglass and Ardmaddy. This land is owned by another member of the Fleming family, who owned Glenoe before Mr. Heriot-Maitland. A farther four miles and you will reach the River Etive, headwater for Loch Etive.

Pass of Brander. Again, retrace your steps back to A85 and turn left to continue south. The River Awe, the railway tracks and the highway all passes through a gorge formed by Ben Cruachan on one side and a smaller with sheer walls on the other side of the river. This gorge is called the Pass of Brander and has been the site of a number of ambushes and battles that are an important part in the history of the Highlands and Scotland.

The Battle. In ####, at the Pass of Brander, the forces led by Sir William Wallace met 1,400 Irish mercenaries led by MacFadyen. This Irish freebooter had been given permission by King Edward I of England to plunder Lorn and throw Scotland into further chaos during a period of uncertainty over who was their rightful king. The narrowness of the Pass of Brander ensured fierce hand to hand combat. Wallace’s forces were triumphant but MacFadyen and some of his henchmen sought to escape by hiding in caves on the sheer rock face across from Ben Cruachan, called Creag an Aoinidh, on the southwestern side of the Pass. At that time, Robert, the Bruce (later King Robert I) was under the command of Sir Wallace and was sent with his men to find the fugitives. They found them in their hiding place and quickly dispatched them. They displayed their severed heads on the top of what is now called MacFadyen’s Cave.

The Ambush. After King Robert I was defeated at Methven by Edward I of England, his bedraggled troops were ambushed by John MacDougall, Lord of Lorn at Tyndrum. The MacDougalls had a blood feud against The Bruce because, in his quest to be King, Bruce murdered Red Comyn, who claimed the kingship and was a relative by marriage of the MacDougalls. Bruce narrowly escaped with his life after losing, to a swipe of the sword, part of his plaid and the brooch that held it. You can still see Bruce’s "Brooch of Lorne," at the MacDougall’s Dunollie Castle in Oban. For the MacDougalls it was too bad they only had a plaid and a brooch to show for their efforts, because Bruce did not forget. After his success at Bannockburn, Bruce came straight to Lorn to finished off the MacDougalls. This time they met in the Pass of Brander that was quite familiar to Bruce from his earlier encounter with MacFadyen’s Invasion. Bruce went over the top of Ben Cruachan from the side where the MacIntyres lived and down its steep sides to trap the MacDougalls at the bottom of the Pass. His archers made quick work of the defenseless MacDougalls who had great losses.

In 1314, there were MacIntyres who supported King Robert the Bruce at Bannockburn. At that time Lorn, and therefore Glen Noe were under the control of the MacDougalls. Since there were MacIntyres who led the Menzies into battle at Bannockburn their may have been MacIntyres who sided with Bruce against the MacDougalls. Who knows? Perhaps the MacIntyres of Glenorchy gave him aid after he was almost killed by the MacDougalls at Tyndrum? R.B.M. alluded to a story in his e-mail. Perhaps he has one to tell?

Cruachan Hydroelectric Plant. Continue South on A85 until you see a sign on your right for the unusual Cruachan Hydroelectic Plant, opened in 1965. If you were in an airplane or helicopter flying over Ben Cruachan, you would see that behind those twin peaks is a reservoir, like a sink full of water, on the mountaintop. At the base of this sink is a giant drain, which empties straight down through a pipe in the center of the mountain. The force of the falling water drives turbines that produce electricity. At night, when the use of electricity is low they pump the water back up to the top so it can fall down again during the day. There are tours into the bowels of Ben Cruachan to see the hydroelectric equipment. When the water arrives at the bottom it is directed into the River Awe that runs beside Ben Cruachan and then on a short distance to Loch Etive and then out to sea. In 1983, this power station produced 400 megawatts, which was one-third of all the power generated by the fifty-five power stations of the North of Scotland Hydro Electric Board..

St. Conan’s Kirk. Continuing along A85 east you will come to where the River Awe originates as it drops from Loch Awe to Lock Etive through the Pass of Brander. Near here are the cairns raised to the dead MacDougalls whose lives were lost in their battle with Robert the Bruce. As the road turns to the left between the mountain and the shore of Loch Awe, is St.Conan’s Kirk on the right. Inside the church are carved choir stalls with the traditional MacIntyre coat-of-arms along side the other clans of the area and a stall for HRH the Princess Louise, the fourth daughter of Queen Victoria and the wife of John, 9^th Duke of Argyll. The church was built in 1881by the Campbells of Blythswood.

Ben Cruachan. There is a three-mile, single track, ten feet wide, access road along the side of Ben Cruachan up to the dam at the top. There are lay-bys along the way on the outer edge that allow two vehicles to pass. The rule is "Keep to the Right." With the descending vehicle using the lay-bys so the ascending traffic can pass. Once at the top, you will have a spectacular view of Lock Awe, The Pass of Brander, and the islands off Oban.

Kilchurn Castle. You have been on a narrow road that is circling the base of Ben Cruachan. After St. Conan’s Kirk, you will see on the right, Kilchurn Castle, situated in a commanding position on a peninsula that juts out into the north end of Loch Awe and next to where the River Orchy enters the Loch. It was built c.1450 by Sir Colin Campbell of Lochow, and became the home of the Campbells of Glenorchy until they moved to Taymouth Castle in Perthshire, after becoming, the Earls of Bredalbane.

Duncan Ban MacIntyre’s Monument. . As you curve around the end of Loch Awe and the Kilchurn Castle you will come to the intersection with A819 leading to Inveraray. Continue straight toward Damally and high above on the right you will see a stone structure, a monument in memory of Duncan Ban MacIntyre. From a distance it may not appear imposing, but once you arrive at its base you will see it is extremely large and in keeping with the high regard that Duncan Ban MacIntyre is held by the people of Scotland and especially those who live near to his birthplace.

Cladich, Loch Fyne, Inveraray, and Glasgow. If you turn onto A819, the road will take you down the side of Loch Awe toward Loch Fyne and Inveraray, location of the Castle of the Duke of Argyll. Shortly after turning you can make a slight detour to Cladich, where the group off MacIntyre weaver lived and were probably responsible for designing the various Macintyre tartans. The town is only a memory but it lives on in the MacIntyre tartans and the Cladich garters which may have been popularized as Argyll Socks.

Glenorchy, Tyndrum, Stirling Castle, and Edinburgh. If you continue on A85 you will be in Glenorchy , where the Earl of Breadalbane was located. He apparently didn’t feel too safe here because he chose to build a much large and grandiose castle to the east in Taymouth, where he was conveniently further from his potential enemies. If you continue on A85 to the east, you will pass Damally and Inverlochy before reaching Tyndrum. Tyndrum was not only the site of a Battle between Robert the Bruce and the MacDougalls where he lost his Brooch and almost his life. It was also a cattle market where a Campbell lost his life at the hands of a MacIntyre, which may have sealed the fate of any hope the MacIntyres had of being a powerful influence in the region. This may have been fortunate because it was only the Campbells who manage to survive the constant feuds and warfare that were the daily fare.

At Tyndrum you can turn left and follow A82 to Fort William via Glencoe, the site of the infamous massacre. If you turn right you can travel to Edinburgh via Stirling Castle and Bannockburn or take another turn to Loch Lomond and Glasgow.

So in the beginning, Jacob’s Pillow was picked up by Niul the Gael traveling from Mesopotamia to Egypt. His descendants took their "Stone of Destiny" or Lia Fail to Spain and their descendant, Queen Scota and her sons, took it to Ireland, where it was used to crown the High King (Ard Ri) of Scotia at Tara. After many centuries, it was brought to Iona and then to Dunstaffnage to crown the Kings of Scotland. In 849, for protection from viking raids, the Stone of Destiny was moved to the Abbey at Scone where it became known as the Stone of Scone. In 1296, Edward I of England took the Stone of Scone from the Abbey at Scone and placed it under his throne in Westminster Abbey in London, to crown the Kings of England and Scotland until Charles II the last Stuart King was crowned in 16##?. There it lay until 1950 when it was stolen by Scottish Nationalists. Either it or a replica was returned to its place under the Throne in Westminster until 1999 when it was once again brought back to Scotland, this time legally.

Marcia MacIntyre of Australia, wife of a descendant of both the Glenoe and Camus-na-h-Erie (b. 18 , d. 196?)