BLACKWOOD, ADAM, a learned
writer of the sixteenth century, was born at Dunfermline, in 1539. He was
descended from an ancient and respectable family; his father, William
Blackwood, was slain in battle ere he was ten years of age, (probably at
Pinkie-field); his mother, Helen Reid, who was niece to Robert Reid,
Bishop of Orkney, died soon after, of grief for the loss of her husband.
By his uncle, the Bishop, he was sent to the university of Paris, but was
soon obliged to return, on account of the death of his distinguished
relation. Scotland, at this time, was undergoing the agonies of the
reformation, under the regency of Mary of Lorrain. Blackwood found it no
proper sphere for his education; and therefore soon returned to Paris,
where, by the liberality of his youthful sovereign, Queen Mary, then
residing at the court of France, he was enabled to complete his studies,
and to go through a course of civil law at the university of Thoulouse.
Having now acquired some reputation for learning and talent, he was
patronized by James Beaton, the expatriated Archbishop of Glasgow, who
recommended him very warmly to Queen Mary and her husband, the Dauphin, by
whose influence he was chosen a member of the parliament of Poitiers, and
afterwards appointed to be professor of civil law at that court.
Poitiers was henceforth the
constant residence of Blackwood, and the scene of all his literary
exertions. His first work was one entitled, "De Vinculo Religionis et
Imperii, Libri Duo," Paris, 1575, to which a third book was added in
1612. The object of this work is to show the necessity under which rulers
are laid, of preserving the true—i. e. the Catholic, religion,
from the innovations of heretics, as all rebellions arise from that
source. Blackwood, by the native tone of his mind, the nature of his
education, and the whole train of his associations, was a faithful
adherent of the church of Rome, and of the principles of monarchical
government. His next work developed these professions in a more perfect
manner. It was entitled, "Apologia pro Regibus," and professed
to be an answer to George Buchanan’s work, "De Jure Regni apud
Scotos." Both of these works argue upon extreme and unfair
principles. Buchanan seeks to apply to the simple feudal government of
Scotland—a monarchical aristocracy— all the maxims of the Roman
republicans. Blackwood, on the other hand, is a slavishly devout advocate
for the divine right of kings. In replying to one of Buchanan’s
positions, the apologist of kings says, very gravely, that if one of the
scholars at St Leonard’s College were to argue in that manner, he would
richly deserve to be whipt. Both of the above works are in Latin. He next
published, in French, an account of the death of his benefactress, Queen
Mary, under the title, " Martyre de Maria Stuart, Reyne d’Escosse,"
Antwerp, 8vo., 1588. This work is conceived in a tone of bitter resentment
regarding the event to which it refers. He addresses himself, in a
vehement strain of passion, to all the princes of Europe, to avenge her
death; declaring that they are unworthy of royalty, if they are not roused
on so interesting and pressing an occasion. At the end of the volume, is a
collection of poems in Latin, French, and Italian, upon Mary and
Elizabeth; in which the former princess is praised for every excellence,
while her murderess is characterised by every epithet expressive of
indignation and hate. An anagram was always a good weapon in those days of
conceit and false taste; and one which we find in this collection was no
doubt looked upon as a most poignant stab at the Queen of England:
ELIZABETA TEUDERA
VADE, JEZEBEL TETRA.
In 1598, Blackwood
published a manual of devotions under the title, "Sanctarum
precationum proemia," which he dedicated to his venerable patron, the
Archbishop of Glasgow. The cause of his writing this book was, that by
reading much at night he had so weakened his eyes, as to be unable to
distinguish his own children at the distance of two or three yards: in the
impossibility of employing himself in study, he was prevailed upon, by the
advice of the Archbishop, to betake himself to a custom of nocturnal
prayer, and hence the composition of this book. In 1606, Blackwood
published a Latin poem on the inauguration of James VI., as king of Great
Britain. In 1609, appeared at Poitiers, a complete collection of his Latin
poems. He died, in 1623, in the 74th year of his age, leaving four sons
(of whom one attained to his own senatorial dignity in the parliament of
Poitiers), and seven daughters. He was most splendidly interred in St
Porcharius’ church at Poitiers, where a marble monument was reared to
his memory charged with a long panegyrical epitaph. In 1644, appeared his
"Opera Omnia," in one volume 4to., edited by the learned Naudeus,
who prefixes an elaborate eulogium upon the author. Blackwood was not only
a man of consummate learning and great genius, but is allowed to have also
fulfilled, in life, all the duties of a good man.
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