If every thing which has
been designed for pleasure or an extensive subject, as :t occupies a
very large tract of land. These grounds are indeed so wide, and, from
the form of the country, so disposed, that a visitor neither easily
comprehends nor appreciates them; particularly in the cursory view
usually bestowed on this part of his tour. This is one reason why Blair
seldom makes that impression which it ought, and which it is most amply
calculated to produce. Another, and to some a much stronger one, the
recollection of Dunkeld still fresh. Those who do not see here that
confusion of close wooded scenery, and that crowded association of
richness and splendour which is the characteristic of that beautiful
spot, are apt to imagine it meagre, from its openness of display and
disposition, and are unable to concentrate in their minds its wide
extent and gigantic features. This is a misfortune which it requires
time and reflection to correct; and is exactly akin to that which is of
daily occurrence in landscape scenery, from the reading of descriptions
which are apt to elevate the imagination to expectations that cannot be
exactly realized in the detail, and are, most often, short of them in
the quality and degree. With the image of Dunkeld in his mind, the
visitor has formed, for Blair, a plan of his own; and finding it a false
one, he is apt, like Horace's critic, to think that the reality is
nothing. Hence it is that the scenery of Biair is far most impressive to
those who, having taken a different course, arrive from the North. Seen
in this manner, it has not only its own intrinsic merits to rely on,
but, occurring suddenly after the dreary and tedious moors which occupy
so much of the country from Inverness, and which increase in desolation
as they extend further to the southward, it breaks on the eye with a
splendour which is absolutely dazzling. It is but justice to this place,
as well as to him who is desirous really to enjoy its beauties, to say,
that three days would be required to see it properly; and these, too,
actively employed. More, much more, will be found insufficient for the
artist; since the number of scenes perfectly adapted for painting which
it produces, is almost infinite. Every picture leads to some other; he
who attempts to record them, finds them grow on his' hands; and when he
has obtained an hundred, will find that he has left an hundred more
untouched. In this, it infinitely exceeds Dunkeld; in which place',
splendid as it is, the scenes adapted for pictures are, not only limited
in number, but often marked by a predominant sameness of feature which
becomes wearisome. At Blair, the variety is as endless as the numbers;
cascades in every mode of dimension and character, forest scenes, lakes,
wild mountain landscape, and the grandeur of a rich alpine country,
being intermingled with river scenery in all its varieties, with that of
cultivated and wooded plains, and with endless examples of those minuter
and closer landscapes which are produced among ravines, and rocks, and
by bridges, mills, wild wooded torrents, and all the concealed ornaments
of a mountainous region.
There is an appearance of
artifice m the grounds iinmediately about the house of Blair, which will
immediately catch the eye, and more, perhaps, at the first view than
after a longer acquaintance. It will also chiefly offend those whose
notions of beauty in landscape are not the produce of their own taste,
or feeling, or studies, but are derived from a sort of phraseology which
has long been current on this subject, and for which the world is
chiefly indebted to a canting and scribbling sect, which is,
fortunately, fast failing into oblivion. Such as the fault may,
nevertheless, be, it must be sought in the fashions of the day when
Blair was ornamented, namely, soon after the year 1742. That will also
form its apology, as far as apology may be wanting; for, with nothing
before him but the example of a whole nation, and examples, too, of much
worst taste than any thing which is displayed here, I)uke James has
contrived to avoid ail that could really offend the eye, even at a day
when the belter principles, those of landscape painting, which alone
ought to regulate the disposition of extensive grounds, are generally
understood Were the formal plantation on the lull of Tullluch absent, it
would scarcely be discovered that Blair was not the work of the present
day. but no proprietor would now willingly destroy that which would
leave a blank, even more offensive, and, to modify it by any mode of
planting, without leaving the traces of former art, would be no easy
task. Of the fantastic architectural objects which were once thought so
necessary in laying out ground, no defence can be offered, but the same,
or worse, are found in places of much more modern date and higher
celebrity. Time, however, is fast disposing of them; and a few years
will see Blair divested of at least these relics of ancient taste and
magnificence.
The fact is, that the air
of artifice, not very predominant it is true, but still sufficiently
disagreeable, which is here visible, is derived from the neighbouring
territory of Lude, and not from Blair itself. A piece of ground,
naturally disposed in the most advantageous manner, had here been
deformed by dry belts and drier formal clumps; nor has it required an
ordinary degree of trouble to rnar that which Nature designed for
beauty, and which no conspiracy against taste, short of that displayed
by Brown and the offspring of his school, could have effected. The same
conceit and ignorance appear to have presided over the bolttng of
Tavmouth; and there also, nothing short of the most inveterate antipathy
to nature could have succeeded in injuring that which the petty
contrivances of the artist did not enable him to destroy, Blair and Lude,
thus balanced, offer an excellent example of that retrogradation in
taste which marked the unlucky avatar of Brown. From the topiary work of
the Romans, and the flats, and canals, and terraces, and floods of
Holland, to the more sof't and broad, if still forma', works of Kent,
was a real step in improvement; but with Brown and his clumps and belts,
matters went backwards, at least to tile age of Alcinous, or worse. The
whole domain seemed but an enormous specimen of topiary; as if the same
scissars which had formerly been kindly limited to dragons and peacocks,
had been employed in squaring and trimming whole forests into the shapes
of entrtmets and hours d'oeuvres. If we had not known that
this reformer of nature had been a planter of cabbages and flower
borders, we should have concluded that he had been a cook or a
confectioner. It is difficult to comprehend any imagination could have
ever flattered itself that it was rivalling or imitating nature in this
most wretched and meagre system, destitute of variety as well as of
resource, by which all grounds, at one period, were made by a receipt,
as uniform as if the patterns bad all been sent out from a taylor's
shop. It is equally difficult to conceive how, as an artificial
disposition, it could ever have been thought beautiful. Nature, it is
not, and never was. It never did, and never will, unite or harmonize
with any natural forms. It is art deforming nature; and that, not on a
scale to which we might shut our eyes, as in the times of more ancient
schemes; of the same class, but over an extent of surface which renders
it an evil, in more senses than one, of the first magnitude. As a
specimen of art, it has every demerit. It is ugly art; and it is art
which, in trying to conceal its true character, loses such little merit
as it might otherwise claim, To bear the traces of human ingenuity and
contrivance, confers some right to admiration; because we admire the
power and the resources which effected their purpose; but ill the art
which Crown's gardening displayed, we see nothing but the efforts of one
to whom all tile best forms of art were as unknown, as the beauties of
nature were beyond his comprehension, If never this system has been
tolerable, it is because he was unab!e to carry his intentions into full
effect, or because nature still refused control, or because nature, in
taking matters out of his hands, has modified or destroyed much of what
was most characteristic in his style.
It is not the least
interesting circumstance in the history of this supposed improvement in
English gardening, as it seems to have been exclusively considered, that
a whole ration should so long have suffered itself to be misled, and so
long have submitted to the dictates of such a pretender to taste; and
that, too, at such an enormous expense as might have covered the land
with cathedrals, or with forests and cultivation. So easily is the
multitude ltd by him who claims to lead; and so rare, even m an age of
universal pretensions, is it, to find any real taste, or any rooted
principles, in matters of beauty. How this censure applies un a much
wider scale, it would not be difficult to show. But to cut short
criticism, it maybe remarked, that a taste for the beauties of nature,
is perhaps among the latest to arise. It belongs to some of the highest
stages of refinement. Of how late a date it is in this country, will be
obvious on the slightest retrospect. When Gray wrote his letters, it had
scarcely been suspected that ihe lakes of Westmoreland and Cumberland
were objects of attraction. It was long after that period that they
became the crowded resorts of those who now know, and of many who have
not yet learnt to appreciate, their beauties. It is scarcely too much to
say, that even their existence was scarcely known out of the immediate
neighbourhood; since Guthrie, in enumerating the English lakes, in his
well-known grammar, names Whittlesea Mere as the only object of any note
in this division, adding, as if of little moment, that there were also
some lakes in Cumberland, called Derwent Waters. Wyndham did for Wales
what Gray effected for Cumberland. Scotland has now become in some
measure understood, yet still partially and imperfectly; but it is a
fact that, twenty-five years ago, Loch Cateran was, what may fairly be
called, unknown; so little thought of, indeed, that there is a Scottish
map, of no very distant date, in which it is not noticed.
The house of Blair, or
the castle, since it has the claims of an actual right to this term, is
a conspicuous object; and though without the least pretence to
architectural, or even picturesque beauty, it unites well, and often
very unexpectedly and perfectly so, with the character of the
surrounding landscape. Having been the gradual produce of additions and
alterations, dictated by utility or necessity, and generally intended
only to serve their purposes provisionally, it presents no consistency
of design. Yet its long lines, its irregularity of outline and form,
added to its extent and the appearance of solidity which it carries,
render it, for the purposes of the landscape, a better object than a
building of far higher pretensions to that taste to which it makes none,
might have been. Those who may introduce it into their designs, will
soon be convinced of this; however disconcerted as to the colouring of
their drawings they may be, by the glaring and unnecessary white of its
surface. As it is indebted for its useful, if not its ornamental,
additions, to the wide hospitality of its successive noble owners, so,
to collateral circumstances, much less pleasing to dwell on, it owes the
loss of that which, in depriving it of its office as a military post,
deprived it also of the honours of a castle; honours descended on it
from unknown antiquity. Having been occupied by Sir Andrew Agnew and the
King's forces in 1745, when it defended itself for nearly a month, until
it was relieved, the two upper stories were removed after its
evacuation, with the intention that it should never again he subjected
to such a fate. Thus the irregular and castellated aspect of the outline
was destroyed, leaving that anomalous appearance which it now presents.
It would not be difficult to restore it to a form, even more
appropriate, and far more beautiful than the original one, by very
slight additions in the manner of turret and bartizan, and without
infringing on its leading characters.
It is a building of great
strength, and was the work, as this estate was once the property, of the
great family of Cumin; but the records of its erection have followed the
fate of much more which appertains to the ancient history of Scotland.
It is supposed, however, to have been built by John of Strathbogie. who
was Laird of Atholl in right of his wife; and a tower, which has, in
losing its summit, become an inconspicuous part of the building, is
still called Cumin's Tower. In 1644 it was occupied by Montrose; and,
undergoing the usual fate of the limes, it was taken by Daniel, in 1653,
for Cromwell. Still destined tor a military post, to which, from its
covering one of the main roads into the Highlands, it was well adapted,
it was taken possession of by an officer of DundeeV army. Lord Murray,
en this, threatened a siege, in consequence of which, Dundee marched to
its relief; an event which was followed by the battle of Killlicrankie.
It is- a circumstance worth notice respecting the siege of 1746 already
mentioned, that Lord George Murray's artillery fired red-hot shot
against it; an expedient which, although known to the earlier
artillerists, and used by the great Frederic, among others, had nearly
fallen into disuse, when it was again rendered so conspicuous by its
extensive adoption at Gibraltar.
To be sensible of the
full effect of this building in the landscape, it is best viewed from
the end of the avenue near the gardener's house Here, on turning the
angle of the wall, it breaks suddenly on. the eye - rising boldly, with
its long irregular wings, in the midst of a wide and noble hollow sweep
of lawn and wood, bounded on each side by lofty hills and forests, and
backed by a rich valley, through which the Garry winds; the dark bro*vr
and purple hues of the mountain ridges beyond it terminating in the
elegant corneal form of Schihallien, as it fades, misty and blue, in the
horizon I need only name two other points whence it forms the chief
object, in landscapes of an extremely perfect character and of great
magnificence: because they might not readily be discovered by a casual
visitor. One of these is situated not far from the entrance of the
shrubbery walk which leads to the church, and the other lies near to the
obelisk in the deer park, Both of these points offer magnificent and
comprehensive views of the nearer grounds: and, from the latter
commanding situation in particular, the landscapes m every direction are
very grand. A group of ancient firs, throwing their knotted and twisted
branches out in wild and picturesque forms, affords admirable objects
for the immediate foreground.
The whole of the deer
park throughout, is romantic and singular, from the irregularity of the
ground and the happy disposition of the fine trees which are scattered
in profusion about it. Even the obelisk is insufficient to give an
artificial character to that which here, as everywhere else about Blair,
is so stamped with the strong markings of Nature's hand as to neutralize
all which art would interfere with. Not, however, to particularize all
the interesting parts of the irregular ground which forms the mass of
the home domain, and where no pretensions to ornament and no provision
for walks exist, I ill all only add in general, that there is scarcely a
point throughout all the fields that surround the house, and which may
be said to belong to the pleasure grounds, that does not afford some
grand or striking view, and that, generally, under some novelty of
aspect and combination. Different elevations, as well as different
positions, produce different pictures: a consequence arising, partly
from the irregularity of the ground, which admits and excludes
alternately different notions of the splendid scenery around, and partly
from the masses and groups of wood or of trees, singly placed or
disposed in different combinations, with which every part is thickly
studded. To these causes must be added the endless variety of the
distance; which, favourably disposed for the reception of all those
transient atmospheric effects so common in au alpine country, and
varying as it is viewed under the new light of the early morning, the
broad glare ot' noon, or the deep shadows of evening, is displayed in
the most favourable manner, in consequence of the fine ascending sweep
of the hills beneath, which bound this capacious valley, and tile long
vista of brown and blue mountain land which, above, conducts the eye to
the far-off and rude Highlands.
Hercules, the last
remaining hero of his leader, race, continues to preside over a green
and broad walk, which those who have determined that they will admire
nothing straight, shall be allowed to make a cause of unhappiness or
criticism, as it may happen; and which the more fortunate, who borrow
their delights from other things than systems anu fashions and
hypotheses, will not require directions to admire and enjoy. In the deep
and obscure glades of the grove to which it leads, after gently
ascending, cool, and soft, and green, and spacious, amid shrubs and
flowers, over a swelling knoll skirted by magnificent larches, the
botanist w ill find, thickly growing in fragrant profusion, the sweet
flowers of the Fyrola. Hence he may proceed in various directions
through green lawns shaded with trees, or along winding gravelled walks;
or he may plunge into rude thickets, where the hare and the partridge h
5 starting before him, or some stray deer bounding from the cover, will
make him forget, in the rude and judicious negligence which has
abandoned these spots to Nature, tile equally judicious art which has
conducted him there.
The garden at Blair no
less demands the attention of those who have not made such advances in
taste as to have discovered that a garden is a deformity, a receptacle
of cabbage', and dunghills; that it ought to be concealed from human eye
and removed from human reach, consigned to the gardener and his crew,
and reserve! to supply the owner's table, as is a necessary consequence
of this banishment, with one tenth of its produce, and the neighbouring
thieves or markets with the remainder. In the days of out ancestry and
of ignorance, before improving gardeners and cabbage gardeners had
combined and conspired to rob us of that which formed the occupation and
pleasure of Eden, the garden was a portion of the house, the seat of
hourly resort and hourly pleasure, of solitary musing and social
enjoyment, of the fresh morning exercise, the shaded noon-day walk, and
the evening feast. But the days and the honours of "the flower and the
lefe" are past: some demon whispered—England, have a taste; and we have
been curtailed of more than half of our fair proportion of recreation,
and of all our most hourly and accessible ones, to make way for a cold
shaven lawn, wet at night, vet in the morning, and broiling in the noon
day, and where the House appears as if it had been dropped ready-made
from the clouds. What peculiar charm there is in vacuity, it would be
hard to discover; or in what respect a patch of green meadow is more
ornamental than shrubs and flowers and fruit, or more fitted to
enjoyment, or a mort; appropriate receptacle for the house with which it
neither harmonizes nor unites. Surely the projector of this system must
have been a grazier; it could only have been dictated by a vacuiity of
feeling. They managed this matter better formerly, even in our own
country, and they manage it now far better in Trance arid Italy. lie
will deserve more than the whole herd of Kents and Reptons that ever
existed, who shall once more restore the garden to its place and its
Honours: even though it should bring back all its parade of terraces,
and steps, and topiary box. with its lumber of Naiads, and Cupids, and
Mercurys.
Some yew hedges in this
"beautiful garden still betray their former office, in the remains of
peacocks' tails and of other shapes, which, for want of the baber's
accustomed art, have so long been suffered to enjoy their own way, that
scarcely a feather is now in its duty. I could almost weep over the fall
of the peacocks; not from aav peculiar pity for their own fate, but
because when reformation of this nature begins, it rarely stop-* at
cutting off the heads of peacocks; or of kings either, as the event has
proved. Hence the destruction of the magnificent garden of Glamis, the
last relic of the taste and splendour, in this department, of our
ancestors in Scotland. And, doubtless, the modern Goth who sanctioned or
effected this ruin, thought that he was rendering •aste, the world, and
himself, an especial service, instead of robbing the whole, as he hap
done, at one blow. We would all willingly have exchanged even his house
for his garden, m spite of its architectural merits and beauty;
standing, as it now does, naked, incongruous, as if it had beer, just
imported from a Flemish toy-shop, or had risen "from the ground," an
exotic "exhalation."
Where there are no
principles of action, there is no medium in reforms. Lawrembergins, in
his Essay on Horticulture, describes, with great affection, a garden at
Chartres, where the seven wise men of Greece, the twelve labours of
Hercules, the three Graces, the feast of the Gods on Olympus, and a
Roman symposium, were all cutingi box, and accompanied, moreover, by
explanatory verses. This was a refinement, even on Martial's topiary
architecture, it must be admitted, nor need we lament because all the
lions and tigers which once adorned Hampton Court, in privet, have lost
their animal natures, «r that the Royal arms are no longer to be
recognised, even by Garter King or Rouge Dragon. But if the reformers
had been only content to rest and look on, Nature would soon have
resumed all her lights; the Gods and the Graces alike would have
undergone the metamorphoses of Baucis and Philemon, without the
interposition of Jove or man : and " Leisure" might still have been
allowed " in trim gardens to take his pleasure," instead of being
deprived, as he has been, of pleasure and of garden both.
The Garden of Blair is
not all that it ought to be, because it is ton far from the house; but
it is better than a garden should be even at the distance of a walk,
than that we should not have one fit 'o walk in. It forms a delicious
retreat, sheltered from all those common evils of life which high walls,
and trees, and hills, can exclude ; spacious enough to take off all
feeling of limit or confinement; green enough, and thick enough with
foliage, to conceal its walls and its art; and, in its disposition,
happily mixing enough of splendid confusion with needful regularity to
produce a picturesque effect sufficient even for the followers of Price
and roughness. Bacon's idea of a garden is here so realized, that we can
almost imagine his essay had been its model. There are cabbages for the
cook, and flowers for delight, and fruit for prodigality as well as for
use; with shrubs and trees for ornament, and walks for pleasure. No one
need faint at the smell of a leek, for it grows under the shadow of a
rose. Celery is bordered by carnations, delicate ranks of lady-like
lettuces art attended in spring by regiments of beau tulips; and, in
autumn, the tender green of succeeding generations mingles with the
bright blue of the larkspur, the fragrant yellow of the lupin, and the
varied blaze of the Chin* aster. On that sunny bank where the strawberry
tempts with its brilliant fruit, the mignonette perfumes the air with
its sweets; and where tall rows of twining pea®, decked in crimson and
purple, diffuse their odours on the breeze, rival ranks, of snowy
whiteness, give earnest of the future fragrance of roast duck. The
useless shrub and the barrer. tree, even here are permitted to add
ornament and shade; and here also arc the delights that dwell in beds of
roses and twining honeysuckles But the pefutned raspbeiry and scariet
currsat disputing their places with the empty laurel and the profitless
spires, combine use and pleasure; and the solid pudding and pie, which
hang in promise from apple and from pear, make good their pretensions
against empty praise.
In sober earnest, there
is nothing hideous in a cauliflower or a radish, nor is there any thing
inherent in a kitchen garden which can render it an object of distaste.
The hot-bed may properly conceal its fragrance among embowering lilacs
and laburnums, bung "minus nptus acutis naribus," but there is no plant
cultivated for us which is not beautiful in itself, and which is not,
commonly, disposed in a beautiful manner. There are few merely
ornamental shrubs anc1 trees more beautiful than the fruit-bearing ones;
and, over most, they have the advantage of possessing two distinct
seasons of beauty The aromatic plant" that are cultivated for the
kitchen, are both fragrant and ornamental. and the flowers of girasol,
(Jerusalem artichoke) endive, scorzonera. and artichoke, to say nothing
of the blossoms of the strawberry, the apple, the cherry, the pear, and
the peach, may well rival, even as mere ornaments, hundreds that are
cultivated for no other purpose.
With such materials, were
even no more admitted, it is perfectly easy to construct a mere-kitchen
garden that shall be beautiful. The constituent materials are the same
as those for the flower garden and the shrubbery, as far as disposition
and effect are concerned; and these are the essential points. This not
necessary for the health of the plants or the convenience of the
gardener, that every thing should be classed and arranged over a naked
surface of dry ground, the very aspect of which, cultivate it we may,
conveys the sense of sterility; or that an avaricious economy of space
should be added to a wooden formality, as if the rigid policy of a
nursery was necessarily to be adopted. There is no difficulty in making
arrangements equally useful and ornamental, even out of our most
ordinary objects of cultivation. But there is no reason whatever why the
kitchen garden should not admit ornament, why its buds should not be
bordered by flowers, or shaded by merely luxurious shrubs. It is but a
step further to intersperse the two; or to render the useful garden
subservient, in point of appearance as well as space, to the ornamental
one. Thus disposed, all the culinary plants may even be concealed, if it
is thought necessary. But that cannot be requisite: because their
colours, and masses, are perfectly capable of being combined with those
which belong to pure ornament, so as to add to ii, or to become
undiscoverable to the eye which is only in search of beauty. Thus also,
by a due succession of flowering plants or shrubs, the kitchen garden
may be made an object ot interest as long as a green leaf or a flower
shall remain : and an autumn of fruit may be accompanied by a spring of
flowers.
From the garden of the
Hercules walk, a wall conducts through green open glades, and groves of
fine larch and other forest trees, to a gravelled path, with a parallel
green ride, traced downwards, close to the wild margin of the hill below
a bridge which conducted the ancient road, a small fall of water, called
the York cascade, is pointed out to visitors, projected from above, over
a woody precipitous bank, into the river. From this point the rude
course of' this always turbulent stream is continued through rocks and
amid overhanging trees, affording different picturesque scenes, till it
falls into the Garry. The accompanying walk is various and wild, shadow}
with fir and larch, and, commonlv. impending over the river, which,
below, forces its foaming and brawling way amidst innumerable
obstructions, under high rocks, and through deep crevices, or amidst
enoruous fragments. worn and furrowed by the violence of its waters.
One conspicuous rock, of
a pyramidal shape, is here pointed out by tradition, as a place of
punishment in the envied days of feudal government: with what truth,
must not be asked; since it is the very character of tradition to wince
under the smallest symptom of doubt, and to demand for itself a credence
more unhesitating than is claimed by those records, which, if they are
not true from their nature, ought at any rate to preserve more of that
volatile spirit of truth, so difficult to retain at all times, and so
apt to evaporate in repeated distillations. Whatever may be the fact,
this rock was not a Tarpeian rock, however, but a Kind of Sombrero: on
which the culprit who could neither stem the stream nor wade the ford,
might starve, "stans" like St. Simon Stylites, "pede in uno."
It is true, and pity 'tis
'tis true, that if there be a Tom-na-croich, as there is, by the bye, in
the park of Blair, or a gallows tree, which is a good for the purpose as
a gallows hill, or any other abominable memorial of Lyranny, or misery,
or oppression, or if there be the scene of a murder, or of a battle, or
of any vile event that ought to be forgotten, it is always that which is
best remembered, and remembered for ever. Nobody knows or cares w here
the ford of the castle was married or born, where he danced, or where he
feasted his vassals; but every ne remembers where he was murdered
himself, or where he murdered his neighbour where his carcase lies and
where he hanged his followers or his enemies. Thus pain is recalled when
pleasure is forgotten thus history is but the record of crimes and
follies. years of sunshine and prosperity make no passing mark, when the
tempest and the huricane and the earthquake become calendared in story
and. of Hereulaneum and Pompeii:, we only know that they were destroyed.
In returning hence
according to the usual route, the walk leads through an avenue of limes,
which appears to have been intended as a principal feature in the
original grounds, but the effect of which has been nearly obliterated by
the growth of the surrounding wood, and by the far greater extent of the
more recent improvements. It conducts the eye that choses to be so
conducted, to one of those ancient architectural fictions, which our
forefathers doubtless thought proofs of wisdom, even when they
christened them whims and follies. For the term folly, Cornwall has
substituted the apter one, mak-wise; as if to ape wisdom was the leading
mark of follv. Whatever the moral of the matter may be, the wise man
will not trouble himself to look a-head, for the space of a mile,
through Gregor's avenue, for the mere purpose of seeing a silly or a
disagreeable object. Life, in all its places and shapes, afford-more
than enough of such things to those who delight in the seamy side of the
world. The avenue itself affords ground for an observation which, if it
be somewhat stale, is worth making, because it is attended, like
Ophelia's rue, with a difference. The form into which the branches unite
above, is precisely that of the last and the least agreeable of the
Gothic arches; that one which seems as if it had applied a point to the
long side of an ellipse. It is even more remarkable here, that, in their
length and simplicity, the stems emulate some of the least tasteful
columns of this architecture, and that they are all regularly provided
with swelling bases, of remarkable uniformity, produced by a circle of
young shoots springing up, about each, near the root.
The avenues of Blair have
escaped the axe of the spoiler, or the reformer, as he is called;
because the improvement of Blair m general has been wisely trusted to
the slow and sure hand of Time, and to those casual and happy
arrangements which the progress of planting, in a country of this form,
must certainly produce But the genus at large, as far as it has escaped
the abominations of reformation, seems now safe. Public taste has at
length come to its senses on the subject of avenues; and we need not no*
despair of seeing that created, which it was, not long ago, a fashion,
and a point of supposed taste, to eradicate.
The visitor, who now
begins to see that there is more- m the grounds of Blair than he at
first suspected, will not be content to terminate his walk by the side
in this manner. By proceeding down the course of the stream till it
joins the Garry, be will discover a rude, yet highly amusing walk,
displaying much unexpected scenery, and many subjects admirably adapted
for painting. A row of ash, skirting the beautiful banks of this latter
river at the ferry, which lends its aid to form foregrounds for some
highly beautiful views, principally looking down the course of the
water, which, wandering through this wooded valley, terminates in that
elegant form which »o often constitutes the last outline in all these
pictures, Ben Vrackie. As this mountain was the most conspicuous object
from Dunkeld, so it has continued to form a principal one at Blair;
easily recognised, but still more graceful when thus seen reversed. This
patch of rude land, called the haugh of Blair, affords other scenes and
of another character, which cannot fail to call forth the efforts of an
artist; and chiefly of those who have formed their taste on the Flemish
sty le of landscape; a taste, however, which cannot be much commended,
unless kept within due bounds, and which has become far too general
among our artists of the present day. These scenes will be found about
two mills ; which, with their wheels and their woodwork, their nettles,
and docks, and stones, and water-loads, afford several pleasing pictures
ic this line of art, much enhanced by the ash trees which accompany
them, and acquiring a dignity, not usual in scenery of this nature, from
the fine back ground of mountains which towers high and blue beyond
them.
Returning hence to the'
grounds of Blair, by the side of the Garry, 'and landscapes. of a
different order occur still interesting and grand, if less so than those
which are obtained from the more elevated positions. The river side
itself, at more points than one, affords pleasing and detailed views of
the house and the surrounding objects; nor can the artist want
foregrounds, as they are furnished in abundance by broken banks, and
trees, and bridges; while the scenery itself presents one very essential
and characteristic difference, when compared to the former views J
arising from the back ground of mountains which incloses Glen Tilt,
being substituted for those which had formerly constituted the
distances.
The walk called the Ben,
is the last of the objects within the home grounds at Blair which I can
afford room to notice. The Banavie, descending from the moors in a deep
channel, forms a bold ravine, before reaching the lawn and lower ground
through which it holds its quieter course to join the Garry. Advantage
has been taken of this feature to form the walk in question, no less
romantic that: it is characteristic of an alpine country. The extensive
and luxuriant woods which cover the faces of Craig B'rrard, descending
towards the house, deepen its shadows as they add variety to its
intricacies.
A mixture of shrubbery
and flower garden and grove and green glade, conducts to the entrance of
the lowest walk, and beneath an arch which, high above it, is thrown
across to give passage to the road; producing, at the same time, a very
picturesque scene. The river here runs close to the foot-path, forcing
its way among mossy stones and over pebbles; now breaking m curling foam
against some obstruction, then gliding away in tippiing lines of green
light, or resting, brown and silent, beneath the impending darkness of
some overhanging rock. The banks, high and precipitous, sometimes rocky
and bold, at others clothed with dense and \angled shrubs, give footing
to trees of endless variety, which, mixing in all their luxuriance over
head, unite with the depth and narrowness of the ravine to exclude the
day. The sunshine never penetrates to these deep recesses, which ara
dimly illuminated by the green sober lights reflected from the foliage
of the trees, and from the water gliding and foaming below. Above, a
bright ray is sometimes seen forcing its way across, flickering among
the leaves, or occasionally arrested by some grey branch which it tinges
with a faint and pale hue. Not even a bird disturbs the silence of this
shadowy solitude; which is rendered even more impressive, by the
interrupted murmur of the water, or by the passage of an occasional
breeze among the branches, giving notice of its presence by the fall of
a leaf or a twig, and again subsiding as it arose.
Proceeding onwards, the
path ascends, gradually quitting the water. On one hand, a deep and
hollow bank, overhanging with all its fringe of ferns and wood-flowers,
and covered with long, pale, drooping grasses, drips in ceaseless
showers on the carpet of rich and luxuriant mosses which occupies the
surface of every stone and projection, the dark hollow which it covers
scarcely betraying the presence of some stray root which, penetrating
from above, retires into its obscure recesses to shun even the faint
glimmering twilight that reigns in this secluded spot. Here, the narrow
and almost perilous way hangs over the water, which, issuing from the
deep shade of closing rocks and entangled woods that, meeting across,
conceal its origin, is seen far below, murmuring, yet unheard, among the
dark brown stones and green mossy fragments that divide and impede its
intricate course. Far over head and around, the fir and birch are
intermixed in. luxuriant confusion while the oak and the ash,
rooted in the crevices of the- deep cliffs, or in the edges of the steep
overhanging banks, feather down to the water; mingled with the hazel,
the alder, the wild rose, and the honeysuckle. and wit! the varied and
rich ornament of fem, and wood-rush, and bright green moss, and long
waving grasses. Some scathed trunk fallen across the chasm, or withered
branches, grey with lichen and decay, spreading their twisted and
knotted arms across, or a tree which, brought down by the w inter
torrents, ha- been arrested by a rock in the stream, add occasional
variety to a scene w here art has judiciously rested at that happy point
which, in giving access, comfort, and security to the spectator,
triumphs over that nature whose rudeness it enhances as it embellishes.
It has been one of the great mistakes, in these cases, to exclude art
altogether. Each adds to each a double charm and while we turn with
indifference or with satiety, even with pain, from Nature in all her
purity of rudeness and neglect, we experience double pleasure from what
we can contemplate and study at our ease, from that which, though not
withdrawn from nature, has become as it were a denizen of art.
As the path, gradually
ascending, and winding along the face of a chasm which becomes deeper
and narrower as we proceed, reaches the summit, it unites to a ride
which has been conducted through the fir woods above. Then, passing a
bridge rudely appropriate to the scene, beneath which the torrent forces
its way through a deep and rocky chasm in a succession of cascades and
dark pools, it returns through an open grove along the descending
stream: offering, in the case with which it is now pursued, a happy
contrast to the labour which had attended its ascent.
A dexterous artist will
easily extract from this spot, some scenes for his pencil; bv omitting
something where there is too much, or bv transposing parts of that which
the wantonness or luxuriance of nature has misplaced. These are
admissible licences. Even with such liberties, fidelity may be preserved
if it is desired: but he will draw little profit from Nature who does
not find in her something more than mere portraits; and who does not, by
altering or recomposing, or by a due use of valuable hints and detached
parts, contrive to store his portfolio with something more than the mere
materials of future studies. To the botanist, the upper parts of tile
walk will furnish the Pvrola rotundifolia. as well as the more common
Minor, together with abundance of the rare Secunda. In autumn, he may
riot among the infinitude of Fungi which are produced, not only here,
but among the woods and dells of Blair throughout; the genus Agaricus,
in particular, presenting nearly three-fourths of the species which it
includes, and with endless variety as to colour and aspect. |