When an infant, Dr. McLoughlin was baptized in the Roman
Catholic Church. His father and mother were of that church. While living
with the family of his maternal grandfather, he probably was brought up in
the English Established Church, of which he became a member. Prior to 1841
or 1842, it was his custom, at Fort Vancouver, to read the service of that
church on Sundays to the congregation of officers and employees who
attended. Dr. McLoughlin was a broad man in every way. He recognized the
good in all Christian sects and denominations. He assisted the Methodist,
Presbyterian and Congregational missionaries. Had he been a member of those
churches, he could hardly have done more for them than he did. While still a
Protestant, he also assisted the Roman Catholic missionaries, from their
first coming to Oregon, in 1838, as he had the Protestant. He never tried to
change the forms of religion of his employees an'd servants of the Company.
He encouraged them in their devotion to the religions of their choice.
Archbishop Francis Norbert Blanchet in his "Historical
Sketches of the Catholic Church in Oregon," says (page 68): "It is but just
to make special mention of the important services which Dr. John McLoughlin
- though not a Catholic -has rendered to the French Canadians and their
families, during the fourteen years he was governor of Fort Vancouver. He it
was who read to them the prayers on Sunday. Besides the English school kept
for the children of the Bourgeois, he had a separate one maintained at his
own expense, in which prayers and the catechism were taught in French to the
Catholic women and children on Sundays and week days, by his orders. He also
encouraged the chant of the canticles, in which he was assisted by his wife
and daughter, who took much pleasure in this exercise. He visited and
examined his school once a week. . . . He it was who saved the Catholics of
the Fort and their children from the dangers of perversion, and who, finding
the log church the Canadians had built, a few miles below Fairfield, in
1836, not properly located, ordered it to be removed, and rebuilt on a large
prairie, its present beautiful site."
Dr. McLoughlin was given
charge of a girl by her dying father, who was a Protestant. Dr. McLoughlin
would not send her to a Roman Catholic school. He respected the religious
faith of the girl's father.30 There is some question as to whether Dr.
McLoughlin became a Roman Catholic in the year 1841 or 1842. In one of those
years, Dr. McLoughlin read "The End of Controversy," written by Dr. Milner,
and was converted by this book to the Roman Catholic faith and joined that
church. He made his abjuration and profession of faith and took his first
communion at Fort Vancouver in 1841 or 1842. Joining the Roman Catholic
Church by Dr. McLoughlin was most impolitic, at this time, particularly on
account of his land claim. But he was not a man to consider policy when
there was something to be done, which he thought right, just, or proper.
Otherwise, he would not have assisted the missionaries nor helped the
immigrants. Joining the Roman Catholic Church only added to the opposition
to Dr. McLoughlin. He was then a British subject. At that time there was
great prejudice by many Americans against Great Britain as the supposed
hereditary enemy of the United States. The long discussion of the Oregon
Question; the election of Polk as President in 1844, largely on the popular
cry of "54-40 or fight," greatly intensified this feeling. There was also
great popular prejudice among many of the Protestants of the United States
against the Roman Catholic Church, which had been handed down from the time
of the settlement of New England and the Cromwellian revolution in England.
Locally, in Oregon, a partial success of the Roman Catholic missionaries
with the Indians, where the Protestants had failed, probably intensified
this feeling.
In these early immigrations were many women, most of whom
were wives and mothers. There were also numerous children of all ages. There
were a few births on the way. When these mothers saw their children, along
the Columbia River, in peril, many sick and almost famishing; when they
heard their children cry for food and clothing, which these mothers could
not supply; and when these perils were removed, and these necessaries were
furnished by Dr. McLoughlin, and their sick children were restored to health
under his orders and directions; do you think these Protestant American
mothers considered it important that Dr. John McLoughlin was
a Roman Catholic and a British subject? Or that they were not grateful? |