As the Editor of the First Series of "Whistle-Binkie,"
and a literary man of considerable reputation, we think some account
of this amiable and lamented individual, will be acceptable to our readers.
John Donald Carrick was a native of Glasgow, and was born
in April, 1787. His mother is reported to have been a woman of superior
powers of mind, and in particular, to have possessed a fund of humour, with
great acuteness of observation, qualities for which her son John was very
remarkable. Carrick's education was necessarily limited, from the narrow
circumstances of his parents ; but in after life, when he had raised himself
into a respectable station in society, the activity and vigour of his mind
enabled him to supply in a great degree the deficiencies of his early
education. When very young, he was placed in the office of Mr. Nicholson, an
architect of considerable eminence in Glasgow; and he continued to feel a
partiality for that branch of art during his lifetime.
Young Carrick possessed great resolution of character, at
times amounting to obstinacy. This quality of mind accompanied him through
life, and if it, now and then, communicated a rather too unbending turn to
his disposition, was undoubtedly the origin of that vigour and independence
of mind which never deserted him. Whether influenced by this feeling, or
impatient of the uncertain and cheerless character of his youthful
prospects, the rash lad determined on sallying forth alone into the world,
to push his fortune, as the phrase is. Accordingly, sometime in the autumn
of 1807, without informing any one of his intentions, he set off for London,
full of adventurous hope and courage. This, be it remembered, was a journey
of four hundred miles, to he performed on foot, for the few shillings which
constituted his worldly wealth, precluded any more expensive conveyance; and
whatever may be our opinion of the prudence of such a step, we cannot but
feel respect for the stout-heartedness of the mere youth who could undertake
it. The first night, our youthful adventurer arrived at Irvine, in the
county of Ayr, and prudently economizing his limited means, instead of
putting himself to expense for a lodging, he took up his abode in the cozie
recess of a "whinny knowe," where he was awoke in the morning by the roar of
the ocean-tide, which was rapidly advancing on his heathery couch. Strong in
the sanguine hopefulness of youth, he pursued his solitary way, living on
the poorest fare, and sleeping sometimes in humble road-side hostels ; but
more often encamping under the kindly canopy of heaven, amid the sheaves,
with which an early harvest had covered the ground, or nestling snugly in
some green and leafy nook, on he went, we may be sure, fatigue-worn, and
perhaps heart-worn, until he reached the town of Liverpool.
In after life he often reverted to his feelings on
entering that town, and meeting with a recruiting party, gay with ribbons,
and enlivened by the sound of fife and drum. The animating sight suggested
to him the idea of enlisting, and so strong was the temptation, that, unable
to decide for himself, he threw up his stick in the air, to be guided in his
decision by the direction in which it should fall. As his cudgel fell in the
direction of London, he resolved to follow its prudent dictates, and girding
up his loins, manfully continued his journey to the metropolis, where he
soon after arrived, with only half-a-crown in his pocket. Carrick delighted
in after years to refer to this ambitious sally of his wayward youth—his
bivouac at night in the snuggest retreat he could find, with the solemn
quiet of the green woods above and around him, and the gentle breeze of an
autumn evening to lull him to rest,—or sometimes, the doubtful shelter that
he found in humble alehouses and bush-taverns.
Arrived in London, the friendless youth offered his
services as a shopman. His Scottish accent, and rough appearance after such
a journey, with awkward, unformed manners, would no doubt operate against
him with the more polished citizens of the capital. At length a shopkeeper,
himself a Scotsman, captivated by the music of his mother-tongue, engaged
him in his service. He appears to have been employed in this way by various
individuals until the spring of 1809, when he obtained a respectable
situation in an extensive establishment, in the Staffordshire Pottery
business. His stay altogether in the metropolis appears to have been about
four years. He returned to Glasgow early in the year 1811, and opened a
large establishment in the same line of business, which he understood
thoroughly, from having been employed for a considerable time in the great
house of Spodes & Co., of London. In this occupation Mr. Carrick continued
for fourteen years, with various success. His prospects at one period were
of the most flattering kind, but becoming unfortunately involved with a
house in the foreign trade, of which a near relative was a partner, these
promising hopes were blasted.
The leisure which his business afforded him had, for some
years, been diligently and profitably employed by Mr. Carrick in mental
culture, to supply the deficiencies of his early education. The bias of his
taste led him to cultivate an acquaintance with our older Scottish
literature, and in 1825 the fruit of these studies appeared in the "Life of
Sir William Wallace," which was published as one of the series of
Constable's Miscellany. It has continued a favourite with the public ever
since, and has lately been reprinted in a new edition. He began about the
same time to throw off some of those humorous songs and pieces which, when
sung or recited by himself, used to form the delight of his private friends.
In 1825, he commenced business as a travelling agent, and his affairs
leading him frequently into the Highlands, he acquired that knowledge of the
Gaelic character, in its minuter shades and peculiarities, which overflowed
so richly in the conversation of his later years, and gives such a zest to
many of his comic and graphic sketches. This business not being so
remunerative as he had expected, he finally abandoned mercantile pursuits,
and devoted himself to literary composition. He engaged about this time as
sub-editor of the Scots Times, at that period a journal of high
standing in Glasgow. In 1832, a literary journal called " The Dap"
was published in Glasgow, to which he contributed many admirable pieces. One
of his co-labourers in this pleasing and popular miscellany was the
highly-gifted William Motherwell, a poet of no common elevation, and a
person of a genial and kindly temperament. The eccentric and well-known Mr.
Andrew Henderson was another intimate friend and associate of Carrick's; and
these three richly-endowed individuals, though of characters and habits of
mind very opposite to each other, lived in the warm enjoyment of mutual
friendship ; and, it is painful to add, followed each other to a premature
and lamented grave within the brief space of two years.
In 1832, the First Series of this work was published,
which was edited by Mr. Carrick, who also contributed several excellent
songs and humorous poetical pieces, as well as an admirably written
introduction, in which the etymology of the term "Whistle-Binkie" is
pleasantly and humorously set forth. Early in 1833, he became the editor of
the Perth Advertiser, a newspaper of liberal principles. For this
situation he was admirably fitted, not only from his acquired experience in
the Scots Times office, but still more from his extensive general
information, the soundness of his judgment, and the calm, clear sense which
his writings as a politician always exhibited. He did not, however, long
retain this office, for, finding himself subjected to the indignity of being
superintended by a committee of management, who interfered in the most
summary and vexatious manner with his independence as an editor, he
indignantly threw up his engagement, and bade adieu for ever to the Fair
City. During his brief sojourn in Perth,
Carrick wrote several humorous pieces of various
kinds, his kindly and joyous temperament finding always some congenial
escapement, notwithstanding the disagreeable circumstances in which he was
placed. Of these pieces, one of the best is the well-known letter from
"Bob," to his friend in Glasgow, which appears in the last edition of the
"Laird of Logan," at page 224. He does not seem to have thought much of the
citizens of St. Johnstoun, remarking, with caustic severity, that " the last
thing a true man of Perth would show you was the inside of his house."
At this critical period of his fortunes, some individuals
in Kilmarnock, of liberal opinions, had projected a newspaper, and were
looking out for an editor: immediate application was made by Mr. Carrick's
friends, the result of which was successful. He was powerfully supported in
this object by his generous friend Motherwell, who, though differing widely
in politics, gave a strong, but honest recommendation of his general
talents, as well as fitness for the situation, stating at the same time, "He
(Motherwell) had never concealed his most rooted hostility to what was
called Liberal or Reform principles."
Carrick left Perth in February, 1834, and immediately
proceeded to Kilmarnock, to enter on his duties as editor of the
Kilmarnock Journal. It was fondly hoped by the friends of this
warm-hearted but ill-starred man of genius, that here, at last, he might set
up the staff of his rest; but a short period served to dispel these pleasing
hopes, and to cast a shadow over his prospects, which was never to pass away
till it darkened down into the gloom of the grave. Here, too, Carrick was
subjected to the annoyance and torture of a committee of management, many of
whom were persons the most incompetent for such a delicate duty as the
superintendence of a public journal. The members of this junta were,
moreover, divided into parties, in a state of bitter hostility with each
other, so that, when, urged by some of them, he had written a few lively,
satirical articles, of local application, which severely galled sundry
individuals in the town, the parties who had suggested them, alarmed for the
consequences, withdrew their countenance equally from the editor and his
journal.
Previous to his leaving Perth, there is reason to believe
that the disease which brought on his death, had evinced its existence by
slow and insidious approaches, at first in the form of partial paralysis of
the nerves and muscles of the mouth, issuing finally in tic doloureux, one
of the most excruciating diseases to which the human frame is liable. The
annoyance to which he was incessantly subjected, induced a severe attack of
this complaint, and obliged him to apply for a temporary leave of absence,
engaging to find a substitute to do duty for him during its continuance.
This reasonable request was refused by the
humane and enlightened committee of management,
and the wretched state of his health, leaving him no alternative, he
resigned his situation, and returned to Glasgow in the month of January,
1835. During his stay in "Auld Killie,"
notwithstanding the painful visitations of disease, and the annoyances to
which he was subjected in the exercise of his editorial duties, he never
exhibited more affluence of mind, or a more perfect command over his rich
and various powers. Besides various literary compositions, he exercised the
duty of editor to the first edition of the "Laird of Logan," which appeared
in June, 1835. After this, Carrick went to Rothesay for the benefit of his
health, but found it declining so rapidly, that he had given up all hopes of
continued activity, and actually had fixed upon a spot in which to lay his
weary and worn-out frame. Recovering, however, he returned to Glasgow, and
resumed his literary pursuits. He contributed, about this time, some
admirable papers to the Scottish Magazine, rich in humour and in
happy traits of Scottish habits and peculiarities, entitled, "Nights at
Kilcomrie Castle, or the days of Queen Mary." Occupied with these and
various other compositions, some of which are still in manuscript, and at
times suffering acutely from the attacks of the painful disease, which now
seldom, for any length of time, intermitted its visitations, and which, from
its effect on his power of speech, was peculiarly obnoxious to a person of
his social habits and character, Carrick continued to mix occasionally in
society, and enjoy the fellowship of his friends. But a severe attack of
inflammation coming on, aggravated by the weakening effects of a recent
course of depletion, suggested by his medical attendant, proved too much for
his enfeebled frame to resist, and, after a few days' suffering, he expired
on the 17th of August, 1835. As a literary man, Carrick's peculiar forte lay
in the rich and humorous resources of a lively and salient mind and
imagination. In broad humour he was singularly effective, and the edge of
his satire was keen and biting. He had a quick perception of the ridiculous,
coupled with much observation and knowledge of mankind. As a describer of
old manners and customs, he is remarkably happy; and there is a graphic
truth and beauty, enchased in a fine vein of drollery, in his descriptive
sketches. The excess of his humour was ever ready to overflow in a stream of
pleasant waggery, which the kindness of his nature, with his gentlemanly
habits and self-respect, prevented from degenerating into broad or offensive
caricature. As the editor, and a principal writer in the first series of the
"Laird of Logan," he will long be remembered. Of this admired
collection of Scottish and Gaelic stories, Carrick was the original
projector, and he also contributed the
excellent biographical sketch of "the
Laird," with the greater part of the anecdotes of that celebrated humourist.
In concluding this brief memoir, we may observe,
generally, that as a descriptive painter of the comic and ludicrous aspects
of man and society, and as equally skilful in the analysis of human
character, combined with a rare and never-failing humour, a pungent but not
malicious irony, and great ease and perspicuity of expression, few writers
have surpassed John Donald Carrick.
The Laird of Logan
Being Anecdotes and Tales illustrative of the Wit and Humour of Scotland
edited by John Donald Carrick, William Motherwell, and Andrew Henderson
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